Context and Definition

Monica Naveed
1325501
Layout
•Introduction

•Need to save water

•Nature of water
pollutants

•Waste water
treatment/ management

•Examples of industries

•References
Introduction
 Water is essential for the existence of life
 It dissolves various nutrients, distributes them to cells and remove
waste products
 Besides drinking, water is used for many other purposes
 Only 0.007% of the earths water is available for direct human
consumption
 Consumable water is a scarce natural resource
 Need to conserve water
•It provides a chemical medium in which all
biological and biochemical processes occur

•Water is required for development and

progress of people

•Essential to raise crops

•A community with good water supply has

good growth, progress and prosperity

•Dissolved oxygen is essential to support fish

and other aquatic life in water
Nature of water pollutants
 Waste water treatment was started in the 19th century
 Water from industries have high concentrations of BOD and
suspended solids
 Vegetable washing generates waters with particulate matter and
some dissolved organics and may also contain surfactants
 Animal slaughter and processing produces very strong organic
waste from body fluids like blood and gut contents
 Sometimes pesticides, colouring agents, and significant quantities of
oils and fats may also be present
Mechanism of Management
•Planning

•Process evaluation and development

•Laboratory and pilot scale testing

•Detailed design

•Construction management

•Design-Build

•Operations and maintenance

 1.Dairy treatment
•Two stage pond system

•Water which comes out of the anaerobic pond is rich in nutrients

•About 95% of the BOD is removed

2. Distillery
 Dissolved oxygen and organic wastes
 Two stage bacterial oxidation in anaerobic reactors
 Organic wastes Organic molecules Smaller organic
and inorganic compounds
3. Sugar Industry
 Contains COD (chemical oxygen demand) materials which are degradable
organic matter

Bacterial oxidation

acids, alcohols, New bacterial cells

aldehydes, ketones etc.

Bacterial Oxidation

CO2,CH4, NH3, H2S

References
•http://www.golder.com/in/en/modules.php?name=Services&sp_id=1353

•http://www.prlog.org/10794201-water-and-wastewater-management-in-
•india-2010-available-through-bharatbook.html

•Satnarayan text book