Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Msu Gensan Apceiu Global Local Justice Workshop Oct 2019
Msu Gensan Apceiu Global Local Justice Workshop Oct 2019
CULTURE OF PEACE
dismantling a
culture of war
living with justice
and compassion
Culture
cultivating
inner peace
Of
Peace promoting
human rights &
responsibilities
living in building
harmony with intercultural
the earth respect,
reconciliation &
solidarity
S.H. Toh & V.F Cawagas (2012)
Realities/ Symptoms
World hunger and poverty – symptoms
• In2015, 736 million people lived on less than $1.90 a day (World
Bank measure of extreme poverty), down from 1.85 billion in
1990.
• Two regions, East Asia and Pacific (47 million extreme poor) and
Europe and Central Asia (7 million) have reduced extreme
poverty to below 3 percent, achieving the 2030 target.
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
• The majority of the global poor live in rural areas,
are poorly educated, employed in the agricultural
sector, and under 18 years of age.
• 383 M in Africa
• 327 M in Asia
• 19 M in South America
• 13 M in North America
• 2.5 M in Oceania
• 0.7 M in Europe
• https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty/
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
795 million people of the 7.3 billion people in
the world (87%) suffer from chronic
undernourishment ( 2014-2016)
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
More than 2.6 billion people – over 40 per cent of
the world’s population – do not have basic
sanitation
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
Undernutrition cause of 3·1 million child deaths annually
or 45% of all child deaths in 2011
UNICEF
About 29,000 children under the age of five – 21 each
minute – die every day, mainly from preventable causes.
Unless the world tackles inequity today, in 2030:
• 167 million children will live in poverty
• 69 million children under age 5 will die between 2016 and
2030
• 60 million children of primary school age will be out of
school
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
OXFAM’s report, ‘An economy for the 99
percent’
Published: OXFAM
22 January 2018
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
What are the Millennium Development Goals?
Adopted year 2000 to be achieved by 2015
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
In Peace Education, GCED and other fields
of transformative education, etc……
“ DEVELOPMENT”
&
“GLOBALIZATION”
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
Dominant
MODERNIZATION [LIBERAL/ NEO-LIBERAL]
PARADIGM OF DEVELOPMENT
(Globalization from Above / Corporate-led Globalization)
role-model of
growth first
industrialized
“developed”
countries
“developing” countries
“developed” countries
lack capital, expertise,
helpful through trade,
infrastructure,
aid, & investments
modern values
integration in
FTAs, WTO,
globalized economy:
TNCs , IFIs
privatization, liberalization
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
Dominant
MODERNIZATION [LIBERAL/ NEO-LIBERAL]
PARADIGM OF DEVELOPMENT
(Globalization from Above / Corporate-led Globalization)
• growth first
• “developing”
countries lack capital, expertise, infrastructure,
modern values
“Structural Violence”
• Unequal economic and social structures, relationships
and systems means global resources not distributed
fairly.
• Sufficient
planetary resources for basic needs of all
human beings – if production and distribution fair.
Contradictions of
Corporate Globalization
Race to the bottom
Polarization of Haves and Have Nots
Ecological unsustainability
Consumerist values and homogenization
of culture
Human Rights violations
Weakening of democracy
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
Power of IFIs (International Financial
Institutions) controlled by rich Global North
nations
(1) IMF - structural adjustment policies
(2) World Bank:
Lending for programmes and projects based
on dominant modernization - “corporate led”
globalization paradigm
Social development funded but emphasis on
infrastructure, private sector development,
and economic growth
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
•debt trap [repayment of $1.5 billion per day]
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
•power ofagribusiness TNCs –
control world food supply
•food
security & sovereignty
undermined
•indebtedness of farmers (e.g.
suicides)
•unsustainable operations
(pollutions, depletion of
biodiversity, deforestation,
mining , agribusiness, GMOs,
mega-dams, water overuse, etc)
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
• violations of rights of workers (adults, women ,
children)
line – mostly women (e.g.
• global assembly
garments, electronics, toys, etc)
• “cheaper” consumer products
• brand names manipulation
• culture of over-consumerism
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
P.E.A.C.E. PARADIGM OF DEVELOPMENT
(Alternative Paradigm)
Participatory Ecological
sustainability
Critical
Equitable Empowerment
Appropriate
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
Virginia Cawagas & Toh Swee-Hin, Senior Fellows, UN-mandated University for Peace, Costa Rica
WHAT CAN WE DO?
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
Virginia Cawagas & Toh Swee-Hin, Senior Fellows, UN-mandated University for Peace, Costa Rica
• Join movement of globalization from below:
e.g. Philippines
Fisherfolk coastal protection program
SHToh & VCawagas, Global Citizenship Education (GCED) Workshop, Universidad de Santa Isabel, Naga City, 24-26 March 2018
How many beings must cry out in pain
Before all the faiths will act for peace
And how many people will suffer in vain
Before we can live with simple needs
And how many lands will be lost to the sea
Before we will love and heal the Earth