eratosthenes Eratosthenes was born around 276 B.C.E. at a Greek colony in Cyrene, Libya. He was educated at the academies of Athens and was appointed to run the Great Library at Alexandria in 240. While serving as head librarian and scholar, Eratosthenes CONTRIBUTIONS -accurately measure the earths circumference. -he found out to be nearly 250000 stadia(25000 miles) -created a calendar that included a leap year. -. -also known as “Galen of Pergamon” Galen was born at Pergamum, Asia Minor on the 22 September 131 and was educated by his father, who decided his son should enter the medical profession. This was a wise choice as his son went on to become extremely famous. - Brain controls all the motions of the muscles through cranial and peripheral nervous system ROGER BACON Roger Bacon (1214/1220–1292), Master of Arts, University of Paris, later Franciscan Friar was one of the earliest witnesses to the reception of Aristotle at Paris soon after the lifting of the Condemnations of 1210, 1215, 1231. Trained in Logic and Natural Philosophy at Oxford he was a contemporary of Albert the Great and William of Auvergne at Paris in the 1240s. Sometime after 1247/8, he became an independent scholar with an interest in languages and experimental-scientific concerns. -he was the first European to describe in detail the process making gun powder. • -proposed flying machines and motorized ships and carriages.