Relative Pronouns Presentation

Relative Pronouns
Inglês, 3º Ano do Ensino Médio

Relative Pronouns
What is this?
Is it a thing, a
person or a place?
How can we define

this piece of
Imagem: 1 9 2 5.svg / Swedish Transport Agency
furniture?
(Transportstyrelsen) / Domínio Público
A bed is a thing which we sleep on.

Relative Pronouns
Observing the sentence, which

relevant information is given about
the bed?
Imagem: 1 9 2 5.svg / Swedish Transport Agency

(Transportstyrelsen) / Domínio Público
Which word introduces
this information?

Relative Pronouns
It is a Relative Pronoun
A Relative Pronoun relates to another noun
preceding it in the sentence. They connect
a dependent clause to an antecedent (i.e.,
a noun that precedes the pronoun.)
Therefore, relative pronouns acts as the
subject or object of the dependent clause.
Relative Pronouns
Consider the following sentence where the relative

pronoun is a subject:
The chef who won the competition studied in Paris.
In this sentence, WHO relates back to (or is

relative to) the noun CHEF. WHO also acts as
the subject of the dependent clause and the
verb WON. The independent clause is:
The chef studied in Paris.
Relative Pronouns
In this sentence, the relative pronoun is an object

in the dependent clause.
The shirt that Carl bought has a stain on the

pocket.
In this sentence, THAT relates back to (or is

relative to) the noun SHIRT. THAT is also the
object of the verb BOUGHT. The dependent
clause is: that Carl bought. The independent
clause is: The shirt has a stain on the pocket.
Relative Pronouns
Which relative pronoun should we

use?
Which relative pronoun to use is

determined by what the antecedent
is and whether the dependent
clause is essential information in
relation to the independent clause.
Relative Pronouns
The Relative Pronouns are:

Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronoun Why do we use it? Examples

To talk about people. The woman who lives
Who [or that]
next door is a doctor.
To talk about things Who ate the cheese that
Which [or that]
[That is used more was in the fridge?
commonly than which].
The man whose house I
Whose To talk about possession.
bought was at the party.
The housing estate where
Where To talk about places. I grew up has been
demolished.
Whom is possible instead  To whom did you
of who when it is the write?
Whom object of  With whom did you
the verb in the relative sing?
clause.
Relative Pronouns
Some particularities in the use of...
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
Relative Pronouns
Which is used to refer to an animal or thing that

was already mentioned, joining two sentences in
order to make sense and can be replaced by that.
Examples:
I don’t like dogs which dig the garden. (animal 

dog)
I don’t like dogs that dig the garden. (replaced by

that)
Relative Pronouns
Which cannot be omitted or replaced by that:
When it comes after a preposition:
This is a subject about which I know very little.
When the which-part only adds more

information about the main sentence, but it will
make sense without this part.
This old car, which I bought with all the money I
saved last year, was the best I could find at the
car agency.
Relative Pronouns
Whom is used to refer to people in the place of

the object (when it comes after a noun, name or
pronoun) and can be omitted or replaced by who.
If it comes before a verb, it refers to the
subject of the sentence and only who can be
used.
Examples:
That’s the man whom I called to help me
yesterday.
That’s the man (who) I called to help me
yesterday.
Relative Pronouns
That’s the man who called me to help him

yesterday. (refers to the subject of the
sentence, so who cannot be omitted or replaced
by whom.)
Whom cannot be replaced by who
When it comes after a preposition:
Sonia is a woman about whom I want to know
more.
When the other sentence makes sense without
the whom-part:
Karl, whom I think you know, sits behind me at
school.
Relative Pronouns
We use only the pronoun THAT:
When there are two antecedents (people and

animal or people and thing):
I know the singers and the songs that she

mentioned.
(person) (thing)
Relative Pronouns
 After adjectives in the superlative, first and

last.
She is the sweetest woman that I have ever

met. (superlative)
The last time that I saw him was in May.

The first thing that you have to do is call the
police.
Relative Pronouns
After all, only, everything, none, some, any, no

and their compounds.
She ate something that we had never seen.
 When it is essential to the meaning.
The gold medal that should have gone to Marisa

went to a girl from the other gymnastics club.
REMEMBER: The pronouns can only be ommited
when functioning as object, not when exercising
the function of subject.
Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronouns
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
CHOOSE A NUMBER
Relative Pronouns
1. Mary is the girl

____________________
whose parents are
famous doctors.
Relative Pronouns
2. I know a man
____________________
who can fix
washing machines.
Relative Pronouns
3. The train ______________

which goes to
Madrid leaves from platform 2.
Relative Pronouns
4. If you can’t find the hotel

________
where I stayed last weekend,
I can tell you _________
who to ask.
Relative Pronouns
5. Charles is the guy about

___________
whom I know two or three
bad things.
Relative Pronouns
6. Mary already has the tickets

which we asked her to buy.
Can which be omitted in this

sentence?
Yes
Relative Pronouns
7. This is the man ______________

who is
the most famous author ever –
William Shakespeare.
Relative Pronouns
8. Liberty Island, ___________

where the
Statue of Liberty stands, is full of
tourists.
Relative Pronouns
9. The candidate will choose who

will act as campaign director.
Can who be omitted in this

sentence?
No
Relative Pronouns
10. The radio ______________

which I
bought doesn’t work very well.
Relative Pronouns
11. Queen Victoria, ______________

whose
husband was Albert, became
Empress of India.
Relative Pronouns
12. My friend Caroline,

_____________
who is Scottish, tells
funny jokes.
Relative Pronouns
13. Do you know ________________

whom
this mobile phone belongs to?
Relative Pronouns
14. The people who moved in next

door seem to be very friendly.
Can who be replaced by whom?
No
Relative Pronouns
15. Two guys, _____________

whose car
had broken down, asked me for a
lift.
Relative Pronouns
16. Did you get everything which

you wanted?
Can which be ommited in this

sentence?
Yes
Relative Pronouns
17. He is the guy ______________

whose
brother was sacked for stealing.
Relative Pronouns
18. Is there a shop nearby

____________
which sells stamps?
Relative Pronouns
19. Nothing that she said

surprised me.
Is it possible to use Which

instead of that in this sentence?
No
Relative Pronouns
20. There were two applicants,

none of _______________
whom seemed
very competent.
Relative Pronouns
21. Katie did all the homework

___________
that the teacher assigned.
Explanation: The clause “the teacher assigned”

is essential to the meaning so the pronoun should
be that.
Relative Pronouns
The image of the bed in this power point was

created using the forms.
The house which return to the menu was taken
from the office.com by inserting clipart.
 Some information was taken from:
- http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/grammar/relative_pronouns/quiz932.html
- http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/bl_relative1.htm
- http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/bl_relative1.htm
- http://www.solinguainglesa.com.br/conteudo/pronomes8.php etc.
Tabela de Imagens
n° do direito da imagem como está ao lado da link do site onde se conseguiu a informação Data do
slide foto Acesso
2 1 9 2 5.svg / Swedish Transport Agency http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1_9_2_5.s 28/08/2012

(Transportstyrelsen) / Domínio Público vg
3 1 9 2 5.svg / Swedish Transport Agency http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1_9_2_5.s 28/08/2012
(Transportstyrelsen) / Domínio Público vg

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Relative Pronouns

Inglês, 3º Ano do Ensino Médio

How can we define

A bed is a thing which we sleep on.

Observing the sentence, which

Imagem: 1 9 2 5.svg / Swedish Transport Agency

A bed is a thing which we sleep on.

A bed is a thing which we sleep on.

Consider the following sentence where the relative

The chef who won the competition studied in Paris.

In this sentence, WHO relates back to (or is

In this sentence, the relative pronoun is an object

The shirt that Carl bought has a stain on the

In this sentence, THAT relates back to (or is

Which relative pronoun should we

Which relative pronoun to use is

The Relative Pronouns are:

Relative Pronoun Why do we use it? Examples

Some particularities in the use of...

Which is used to refer to an animal or thing that

I don’t like dogs which dig the garden. (animal 

I don’t like dogs that dig the garden. (replaced by

Which cannot be omitted or replaced by that:

When it comes after a preposition:

This is a subject about which I know very little.

When the which-part only adds more

Whom is used to refer to people in the place of

That’s the man who called me to help him

We use only the pronoun THAT:

When there are two antecedents (people and

I know the singers and the songs that she

 After adjectives in the superlative, first and

She is the sweetest woman that I have ever

The last time that I saw him was in May.

After all, only, everything, none, some, any, no

She ate something that we had never seen.

 When it is essential to the meaning.

The gold medal that should have gone to Marisa

1. Mary is the girl

3. The train ______________

4. If you can’t find the hotel

5. Charles is the guy about

6. Mary already has the tickets

Can which be omitted in this

7. This is the man ______________

8. Liberty Island, ___________

9. The candidate will choose who

Can who be omitted in this

10. The radio ______________

11. Queen Victoria, ______________

12. My friend Caroline,

13. Do you know ________________

14. The people who moved in next

Can who be replaced by whom?

15. Two guys, _____________

16. Did you get everything which

Can which be ommited in this

17. He is the guy ______________

18. Is there a shop nearby

19. Nothing that she said

Is it possible to use Which

20. There were two applicants,

21. Katie did all the homework