Professional Documents
Culture Documents
4 Growth
4 Growth
• Culturing Microorganisms
– Binary fission & sporulation
– What determines growth?
– Media Types
– Batch vs Continuous Culture Growth
Binary Fission in Prokaryotes
Dividing vegetative cells
But what happens when stressed or starved?
Endospores:
• Resting stage during “lean
or stressful times”.
• Resistant protein coat!
• Develop in different
locations of vegetative cell: free; sub-terminal; central; terminal
•Schaeffer – Fulton Stain:
Young (24 h) Old (96 h)
Endospores
& Sporulation
(cortex)
Balanced Growth:
Rates of RNA =
Protein = DNA =
binary fission
Exponential Growth Phase
Nt = No + 2n
Time (hours)
Nutrient Concentration Effects in Batch Cultures:
• Total growth will increase until limiting nutrients are exhausted
(included oxygen for aerobes) or metabolic byproducts accumulate
that change environmental conditions to inhibit growth (toxicity).
• Growth rate will also increase with increasing nutrient concentration
up to a some maximum value, beyond which there is no effect
(transporters are saturated with there substrate.
Open (“continuous”) Culture Systems
Chemostat: growth rate = dilution rate (D = f/V);
constant dilution rate with nutrient limiting growth.
Turbidostat: dilution rates varies to maintain constant
turbidity (cell density); no limiting nutrient.
Volume (V)