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    Johani D. Basaula
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    The document discusses Java applets, including: 1. An applet is a small program designed to run within a larger program like a web browser, with limited features and requiring minimal resources. A Java applet is written in Java and designed to run from a web browser. 2. To create an applet, write the code in Java and save it with a .java extension, then include it in an HTML file using tags like <applet> or <object>. 3. The JApplet class is used to create Swing applets and extends the Applet class, providing a container and components. Its init() method is used to initialize an applet.

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    The document discusses Java applets, including: 1. An applet is a small program designed to run within a larger program like a web browser, with limited features and requiring minimal resources. A Java applet is written in Java and designed to run from a web browser. 2. To create an applet, write the code in Java and save it with a .java extension, then include it in an HTML file using tags like <applet> or <object>. 3. The JApplet class is used to create Swing applets and extends the Applet class, providing a container and components. Its init() method is used to initialize an applet.

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    115 views20 pages

    OOPR212 Applet

    Uploaded by

    Johani D. Basaula
    The document discusses Java applets, including: 1. An applet is a small program designed to run within a larger program like a web browser, with limited features and requiring minimal resources. A Java applet is written in Java and designed to run from a web browser. 2. To create an applet, write the code in Java and save it with a .java extension, then include it in an HTML file using tags like <applet> or <object>. 3. The JApplet class is used to create Swing applets and extends the Applet class, providing a container and components. Its init() method is used to initialize an applet.

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    OOPR212

    Object Oriented
    Programming II W/ Lab
    Learning
    Objectives
    • Learn
    Applet
    Applet
    • In general, an applet is a small program or utility with limited features, requiring
    minimal resources, and usually designed to run within a larger program.

    • A Java applet is such a program written in the Java programming language and
    typically designed to run from a web browser.
    Applet Creation
    • Write the applet in Java, and save it with a .java file extension, just as when you
    write a Java application.

    • Write an HTML document that includes a statement to call your compiled Java
    class.

    • Load the HTML document into a Web browser (such as Mozilla Firefox or Microsoft
    Internet Explorer), or open the HTML document using the Applet Viewer.
    Applet Creation
    • The tag that begins every HTML document is <html>, which is surrounded by
    angle brackets.

    • The html within the tag is an HTML keyword that specifies that an HTML document
    follows the keyword.

    • The tag that ends every HTML document is </html>.


    Applet Creation
    • Generally, HTML documents contain other tags with the texts. Of importance at this point
    is the <object>-</object> tag pair used to run an applet from within an HTML document.

    • Three attributes (or arguments) are placed within the <object> tag: code, width, and
    height.

    • Example
    <object code = ″Oopr212.class″ width = 300 height = 200>
    </object>
    Applet Creation
    Three (3) attributes of object tag

    • code - followed by the name of the compiled applet you are calling

    • width - followed by the width of the applet on the screen

    • height - followed by the height of the applet on the screen.

    NOTE: Instead of the <object> and </object> tag pair, you can use the tag
    set <applet> and </applet> in your HTML applet host documents.
    Applet Creation
    <html>

    <applet code = ″HelloApplet.class″ width = 400 height = 200>

    </applet>

    </html>

    NOTE: Instead of the <object> and </object> tag pair, you can use the tag
    set <applet> and </applet> in your HTML applet host documents.
    Running an
    Applet
    • Two ways of running an applet:
    • By opening the associated HTML file on a Web browser
    • the applet viewer.

    NOTE: The applet viewer is used mainly for testing applets. It is, in effect, a web browser
    that recognizes only the tags associated with the execution of an applet.
    Writing an
    Applet
    • In creating an applet, you must also do the following:
    • Include import statements to ensure that necessary classes are available.
    • Learn to use some user interface (UI) components, such as buttons and text fields, and applet
    methods.
    • Learn to use the keyword extends.

    • Creators of Java created an applet class named JApplet that you can import using the
    statement.
    • import javax.swing.JApplet;
    JApplet Class
    • JApplet is the Swing equivalent of the AWT Applet class.

    • JApplet is a simple extension of java.applet.Applet for use when creating Swing


    programs designed to be used in a Web browser.

    • As a direct subclass of Applet, JApplet is used in much the same way as the Applet.

    • A JApplet is a Component, and it is also a Container.


    JApplet Class
    • Inheritance hierarchy of the JApplet class
    JApplet Class
    • When using the JApplet class, you need the following import statements:
    • import javax.swing.*;

    • import java.awt.*;

    • import java.awt.event.*;

    • The extends keyword indicates that your applet builds on, or inherits, the traits of
    the JApplet class.
    JApplet Class
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;

    public class HelloApplet extends JApplet {


    public void init() {
    Container con = getContentPane();
    cont.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
    JLabel label = new JLabel("Hello world!"); con.add(label);
    }
    Creating applet
    init()
    • The Applet class provides four methods that are invoked by a Web browser
    when the browser runs an applet.
    • Public void init()
    • Public void start()
    • Public void stop()

    Note:
    • Public void destroy()If you fail to write one or more these methods, Java
    creates them for you.
    • You can create an Applet usingonly the init() method.
    Creating applet
    init()
    • The Applet class provides four methods that are invoked by a Web browser
    when the browser runs an applet.
    • Public void init()
    • Public void start()
    • Public void stop()
    Creating applet
    init()
    Handling event
    • To respond to user events within any Applet
    • you create, you must do the following:
    • Prepare your Applet to accept event messages.
    • Tell your Applet to expect events to happen.
    • Tell your Applet how to respond to the events.
    Handling event
    Applet Life
    Cycle
    There are four life cycle methods of an Applet class on which any applet is
    built.
    • init(): This method is called to initialize an applet.
    • start(): This method is called after the initialization of the applet.
    • stop(): This method is automatically called whenever the user moves away from the
    page containing applets.
    • destroy(): This method is only called when the browser shuts down normally.

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