TOPIC:-

WASTE MANAGEMENT IN
HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY.
LET THE WASTE OF THE
“SICK” NOT CONTAMINATE
THE LIVES OF “THE
HEALTHY”.
K.PARK
ACKNOWLEGMENT
We would like to express our special thanks of
gratitude to Mrs. Sanchita Bose mam who gave us the
opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic
“Waste Management In Healthcare industry” which
also helped us in doing a lot of research and we came
to know about many things and at the same time
helped us increase our knowledge and skills.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION OF WASTE
SOURCE OF HEALTH CARE WASTE
ROUTE OF TRANSMISSION
PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH BIO MEDICAL
WASTE
GENERATION/SEGREGATION/STORAGE/TRANSP
ORTATION/TREATMENT & DISPOSAL OF WASTE
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Hospital waste are the waste produced in the course of
healthcare activities during treating, diagnosis and
immunizing human being or animals or while doing
study/research activities.
75-90% Non-Hazardous/ General Waste
10-15% Hazardous
WHO CLASSIFICATION OF WASTE
Waste Categories Description and Examples

1. General waste No risk to human health.

Ex- office paper, kitchen waste, etc
2. Pathological waste Human tissue or fluid.
Ex- body parts, blood, etc
3. Sharps Sharp waste.
Ex- needles, knives, etc
4. Infectious waste Which may transmit bacterial, viral or
parasitic disease to human being.
Ex- tissues, bandages, etc
5. Chemical waste Ex- laboratory reagent, disinfectants

6. Radio-active waste Ex- unused liquid from radiotherapy or

lab research
SOURCE OF HEALTH CARE WASTE
Governmental Hospital
Private Hospitals
Nursing Homes
Physician’s Office
Dispenseries
Mortouries
Laboratories
Blood Bank and Collection center
ROUTES OF TRANSMISSION
Inhalation of
dust particles
containing
germs

Intact or non
intact skin
By ingestion
(contaminated
unwashed hands,
contaminated
f00d stuffs, etc)
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH
BIOMEDICAL WASTE
ORGANISM DISEASE CAUSED RELATED WASTE ITEM
VIRUSES AIDS, Infectious Infected needles, body
HIV, Hepatitis A, B, C, Hepatitis, Dengue fluids, blood, body fluids
Arboviruses,
Enteroviruses

BACTERIA Typhoid, Cholera, Human excreta and body

Clostridium Tetani, Tetanus, Wound fluids in landfills and
Streptococcus, Infections hospital wards, sharps
Pseudomonas such as needles

PARASITES Filariasis, Kala Azar, Human excreta, blood

Wuchearia Bancroti, Malaria and body fluids in poorly
Plsmodium managed sewage system
 GENERATION OF WASTE
TYPE SITE OF DISPOSED BY
GENARATION

Non- Hazardous waste/ General Office, kitchen, Municipal/Public

waste hostels, stores, rest Authority
rooms

Hazardous (Infectious & toxic Wards, treatment Hospital itself

waste) rooms, dressing rooms,
OT, ICU, dialysis room
SEGREGATION OF WASTE
Following color code bags are practiced:
COLLECTION OF WASTE
Centralized sanitation staffs or any other sanitation
staffs should collect the waste during morning
afternoon or evening under the supervision of nursing
staff and sanitation supervisor;
 Documentation should be done in register;
 Garbage bin should be cleaned and disinfected
regularly.
STORAGE OF WASTE
Waste should not be stored in the generation area for
more than a period of 4-6 hours.
It is responsibility of paramedic/sanitation staff to
check for segregation
Waste collected in various areas should be transported
for disposal/treatment.
TRANSPORTATION OF WASTE
There should be separate corridor and lift in hospital
to carry and transport waste.
General waste are deposited at municipal dumps
Waste for autoclaving and incineration are dumped at
separate site for external transport(should have
separate colored plastic bag for these waste)
Transporting should be done in sealed
container/sanitation supervisor should ensure for
leakage.
TREATMENT & DISPOSAL
General waste should be dumped at municipal
dumping site. Sanitation officer should be responsible
for proper coordination between municipal and
hospital.
Use of label/symbol is useful in identifying waste for
treatment. Ex- risk of corrosion, danger of infection,
toxic hazards, glass hazards, radioactive materials, etc.
TREATMENT & DISPOSAL TECHNOLOGIES
Incineration:-
This process is selected to treat waste that cannot be
recycled, reused or can be disposed in land.
High temperature dry oxidation process that reduce
organic and combustible waste into inorganic
incombustible matter. Resulting in significant
reduction in waste volume and weight.
Chemical disinfection:-
Commonly used for treatment of liquid infectious
waste ex. blood, urine
Chemical are added to waste to kill or inactive the
pathogen it contains.
Microwave irradiation:-
Microwave of frequency 2450MHZ and wave length
12.24cm used to destroy the microorganisms. Water
contained in the waste is rapidly heated by microwave
and infectious components are destroyed by heat
conduction.
Land Disposal:-
Open Dumps: risk for public health
Sanitary landfills: designed and constructed to prevent
contamination of soil, surface, ground water.
 Inertization:-
Process of mixing waste with cement and other
substances before disposal in order to minimize the
risk of toxic substance migrating into surface water or
ground water.
Proportion of 65% waste 15% lime 15% cement and 5%
water is used.
CONCLUSION
Going by presentation we can understand that there
should not be compromise of standard in matters to
do with Medical Waste Management in hospital if
the health and well being of peoples to be protected
against likely infection that are transmitted through
pathological waste.