International Logistics.

Module 5. Security in the international logistics flow.

 International Logistics.
Module 5. Security in the international logistics flow.
1. International packaging and packaging logistics.
2. Safety guidelines in the loading, unloading, and
handling of materials in international logistics operations.
3. Traceability and monitoring in international logistics.
4. ISO certifications on safety in the international logistics
chain.
5. International logistics and insurance policies.
 Security in the international logistics flow.
Protection to the product.
• Physically.
• Prevent damage.
• Poor handling.
• Unit integrity, shipment integrity.
• Tracking.
• Economically.
• Loss.
• Damages.
• Responsibilities to third parties.

.
Physical protection: package and packaging logistics.
 Physical protection: packaging and packaging logistics.
• Products.
 package and packaging logistics.

• Packing.
– Any material that contains, encloses and protects the product,
from its manufacture or production to its consumption or use.

• Packaging.
– It is a material or wrapper that contains and protects products
temporarily, mainly to group units of a product with its
handling, transport and storage in mind.
 Types or levels of packaging.
Primary or first level packaging.
•

• Secondary or second-level packaging.

•
•

• Tertiary or third-tier packaging.

 General Packaging Functions.

Protection.
Information.
Promotion.
• Social and environmental
 Packaging materials.
• Textile.
Glass.

Paper. Metal.

Carton.
Wooden.
Plastic.
 Packaging materials.
• Plastic, metallic or wooden containers.
 Packaging materials.
• Filling material.
 Packaging materials.
• Wooden, plastic or metal palltes or skids.
 Packaging materials.
• Plastic film-shrink wrap. Cardboard Corners. Straps: Metallic or plastic.
• Adhesive tapes, staplers or strapping tapes.
•
 Packaging materials.
• Plastic film-shrink wrap. Cardboard Corners. Straps: Metallic or plastic.
 Packaging materials.
• Clamping or trimming material.
 Packaging materials.
• Seals and padlocks.
 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling

• The use of containers, trailers, vehicles and other transport units significantly
reduces the risk of physical damage to cargoes.

• However, improper or careless stowage of loads in such units, or their incorrect

immobilization, ligation or restraint, may cause injury to personnel during
handling and transport operations. In addition, serious and costly damage to the
load or equipment can be caused.

• Poorly stowed and fastened cargo, improper use of transport units and
excessive loading of transport units can endanger people during handling and
transport operations.
 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling

• On the other hand, incorrect loading declaration can turn out in the creation of
dangerous situations.

• The misrepresentation of the gross weight of the unit may result in excessive
loading of a container, trailer or rail wagon or the assignment of an inadequate
stowage site on board a ship, which would therefore compromise the safety of
the vessel .

• Insufficient moisture control could cause serious damage to the load and cause
it to collapse and loss of stability of the transport unit.
Pre-loading
Pre-loading
Pre-loading
Pre-loading
Pre-loading
 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling
• Prior to the loading process.
 Receiving documents from the cargo unit: Bonds, Bill of lading, Weight Ticket (empty),
Seals and, where applicable, License and operator IDENTIFICATION and truck
registration if necessary.

 Physical revision of the load unit: Tires, lights, axle displacement lever, cleaning,
integrity and functionality or damage or other factors that make it impossible to use.

 Review of the loading and maneuvering area to identify risk points.

 Unit ramping: Level the height of the trailer entrance with the height of the dock
platform, preferred use of portable platform to smooth the passage of forklifts or pallet
trucks.

Pre-shipment: Efficient and correct cubic calculation, either pallet loading or floor loaded
according to the unit to be loaded.

 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling
• Loading process.

 Distribute heavy loads properly on the floor.

 Observe all handling instructions and package symbols, such as "this side up".

 Load with the center of gravity correctly set on the transport unit.

 Do not concentrate heavy loads on small floor surfaces.

 Do not place the load with an eccentric distribution.

 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling
• Loading Process.

 If possible, do not form irregular layers of lumps.

 Do not stack heavy goods on top of light goods.

 Do not stipulate goods with polluting odours along with delicate goods.

 If avoidable, do not load wet or moist goods.

 Do not use clamping or protective equipment that is incompatible with the load.
Loading Process
 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling
• Dangerous goods loading process.

 Check that all packages are properly marked and labeled.

 Load dangerous goods in accordance with the applicable dangerous goods rules.

 Where possible, load dangerous goods near the transport unit door.

 Attach the labels, markings and signs to the outside of the transport unit.

 Do not load incompatible goods that should be segregated together.

 Do not load or handle damaged packages.

Fastening and blocking

• Fill empty spaces when needed.

• Use locking or clamping equipment or a combination of both to

prevent the load from slipping and tilting at any destination.

• Hold the cargo load so that the forces are distributed on an

appropriate surface of the unit.

• When necessary, hold each loaded item separately.

• When applicable, use non-slip surface material to prevent packages

from slipping.

2
9
Fastening and blocking.

• Use hooks or shackles to tie the trenches when needed.

• Do not hold the load with devices that force the structure of the
transport unit or cargo.

• Do not force clamping devices.

• Do not over-tighten the clamping devices so that the packaging

or goods may be damaged.

• Do not fasten slings using knots.

3
0
Fastening and blocking.
Fastening and blocking.
At the end of the loading manoeuvres.

• Weigh the transport unit whenever you have the scale

for this purpose.

• Secure a padlock or seal when necessary.

• Write in the corresponding documents the number of

the transport unit, the correct gross weight and, where
necessary, the number of the seal.

• Always provide a packing list.

3
3
 Safety Guidelines on Material Handling
• Cargo clearance process.

 Once finished loading, place a shipping ID number and take a picture showing the last
stowage and such number.
 Determine the correct gross weight of the transport unit.
 Write down in the relevant documents the number of the transport unit, the correct
gross weight and, where necessary, the number of the sea.
 Place envelope with a copy of the packing list, other required documents and an
impression of the shipping photograph.
 Close doors and put safety seals (adhesives and padlocks) on door locks, central
connection of doors and sides and take photography where the unit number already
appears.
 Weigh full loaded unit and retrieve weight ticket, deliver shipping documents and letter
of instructions to the operator.
 If it is the case, set a convoy and dispatch to destination.
Dispatch of shipments.
Discharge maneuvers.

• Check that the identification number on the transport unit and, when it
must be sealed, the seal serial number are the same shown on the
transport documents.

• Check the outside of the transport unit for signs of leakage or

infestation.

• If the transport unit has a seal, use appropriate equipment to cut it.

• Make sure that you can safely enter the transport unit. Please note
that the atmosphere in the transport unit can be dangerous. Ventilate
before you go in.

3
7
Discharge maneuvers.

• Open the transport unit carefully, as load may fall.

• Write down each package as removed from the unit and take note of the
marks and damage.

• Remove all clamping and protective material for reuse, recycling, or

removal.

• Clean the inside of the transport unit to remove all debris from the cargo,
in particular dust, grains and loose harmful materials and fumigating
products, unless otherwise agreed with the transport unit operator.

• Once the transport unit has been cleaned, remove all markings, signs and
signs relating to the previous consignment from its exterior.

3
8
 Traceability and tracking.
• Visibility.
• Product visibility must be achieved within the supply chain, for immediate decision-
making, incident awareness and instant correction, dynamic delivery and lower costs.
• Visibility is throughout the logistics flow, not only of the product, but also of the
drayage units or trucks and the cargo unit. Real-time geolocation applications, via
RFID or micro-wave are avialable.
 ISO 28000 International Standard
• The origin of ISO 28000 is due to terrorist acts, as security incidents against the
international supply chain are threats to international trade and economic growth in
trading countries.

• It is an international standard that defines specifications for security management

systems for the supply chain.

The rules for this family are:

• ISO 28000:2007
– ISO 28001:2007
– ISO 28003:2007
– ISO 28004:2007
– ISO/PAS 28005:2009
– ISO 20858:2007
– ISO/PAS 22399:2007
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
PAS: Publicly Available Specification
 Norma Internacional ISO 28000
Methodology.
Follow syps (Plan, Check, Do, Act) continuous improvement cycle.
• This is an approach based on risk assessment.
 ISO 28000 International Standard

Methodology.

• An evaluation is carried out of where the necessary information will be obtained

to:
– Establish security management programs.

– Determination of requirements for design, specification and implementation.

– Identification of the necessary resources.

– Identifying training needs and skills.

– The development of operational controls.

– The framework for managing the organization's global risks.

 ISO 28000 International Standard

Application.
• It is suitable for all types of organization, of any size, that are involved in
manufacturing, purchasing, production, service, storage, transportation (by sea,
road, air and rail) and/or in sales processes; who want to implement and
maintain a safety management system at any stage of production or supply
chain..

Objectives.
• It is To establish, implement and improve a security of supply management
system.

• Ensure compliance with the established security management policy.

• Demonstrate such conformity to third parties.

 ISO 28000 International Standard

Benefits.
• It ensures that operations are carried out for risk control and the implementation
of measures that mitigate them.

• Optimize processes with consequent savings in several aspects.

• Ensures compliance with the requirements required by the main international

initiatives (AEO, CTPAT, TAPA, BASC...)

• It provides added value for the organization in its commercial operations.

• It allows clients, authorities and investors to communicate the implementation of

the security management system and use it as a competitive and differential
tool.
 International Logistics and Insurance Policies
• It provides adequate protection against risks arising from accidents,
breakdowns and criminal acts to which goods in transit are exposed, when
they are part of a shipment and are transported by various means of
transport, whether by air, maritime, land or a combination thereof, within the
Mexican Republic and to or from the rest of the world.

• There are different procurement modalities for one or multiple shipments,

depending on the operation of the Insured.

• The insurance must compensate for loss or damage to the goods during the
transfer from one place to another.

• It covers from the moment the goods, properly packed and dispatched, leave
the premises for transport to their final destination. Covering the risks to which
they are exposed for the duration of their transfer.
• In the policy review, due attention should be paid to the following aspects:

– Coverage.

– Amount insured.

– Deductible.

– Exclusions.

– Term.

– Requirements and procedure for claims.

46
 Riesgos Ordinarios
Ordinary risks.
Maritime
Master’s barretry Land
Throwing away Collision
Swept away Rollover
Load and Unload. Robbery with Violence
Door to Door Door to door

Air
Total or partial loss by
plane crash.
Door to door
Robbery with Violence

47
Special coverage.
Coberturas Especiales
All risk
No deductible (*)
Loading and unloading
Covers merchandise value + contributions + expenses
Intermediate deposits
Gross damage
Entire bulk theft.
Total and partial theft higher than deductible
Wetting and oxidation
Contact with other loads or stains
Break or crack
Spills
• Waste
48
Exclusions.

• Earthquakes, storms, floods, cyclones and hurricanes.

Exclusiones
• Insurrection, terrorism, acts of war.

• Negligence attributable to the client, its agents or its representatives.

• Inherent vice or defects of the goods, their packaging or their stowage.

• Acts of authority.

• Where the declarations or instructions of the shipper, shipper representative of the freight or
shipping documents are false.

• When goods are shipped without packaging or with one defective or unsuitable for their nature.

• Where the goods by their nature, by the fact of their transport, by heat or for another natural
cause are exposed to the risk of loss or total or partial breakdown, whether this breakage,
oxidation or internal deterioration, etc.

49
Thank you very much for your kind
attention.

MAE Arturo Pérez Santander

klasnic.mx@gmail.com
móvil 554253 2521