Einstein Coefficients

n

m

Harry Kroto 2004

Einstein Coefficients

n

m

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m

m

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m

m

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m Bn→m

m

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m Bn→m

m

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m Bn→m An→m

m

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m Bn→m An→m

m

A = 1.2 x 10-37 3 n em2 transitions per sec

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m Bn→m An→m

m

A = 1.2 x 10-37 3 n em2 transitions per sec

Spontaneous emission lifetime 

Harry Kroto 2004

 Einstein Coefficients

n

Bn←m Bn→m An→m

m

A = 1.2 x 10-37 3 n em2 transitions per sec

Spontaneous emission lifetime 
 (sec) = 1/A = 1037/3 sec
Harry Kroto 2004
Lifetime (secs)
 ~ 1037/3

Harry Kroto 2004

   (Hz) 3 (Hz3)  (sec)

H (1420 MHz) 21cm 1.5x109 3x1027 1010 *

H2CO rotations 1cm 3 x 1010 3x1031 106

CO2 vibrations 10 3 x 1013 3 x 1040 10-3

Na D electronic 500nm 1.5 x 1014 6 x 1044 10-7

H Lyman  100nm 3 x 1015 3 x 1046 10-9

Harry Kroto 2004
   (Hz) 3 (Hz3)  (sec)

H (1420 MHz) 21cm 1.5x109 3x1027 1010 *

H2CO rotations 1cm 3 x 1010 3x1031 106

CO2 vibrations 10 3 x 1013 3 x 1040 10-3

Na D electronic 500nm 1.5 x 1014 6 x 1044 10-7

H Lyman  100nm 3 x 1015 3 x 1046 10-9

Harry Kroto 2004
   (Hz) 3 (Hz3)  (sec)

H (1420 MHz) 21cm 1.5x109 3x1027 1010 *

H2CO rotations 1cm 3 x 1010 3x1031 106

CO2 vibrations 10 3 x 1013 3 x 1040 10-3

Na D electronic 500nm 1.5 x 1014 6 x 1044 10-7

H Lyman  100nm 3 x 1015 3 x 1046 10-9

Harry Kroto 2004
   (Hz) 3 (Hz3)  (sec)

H (1420 MHz) 21cm 1.5x109 3x1027 1010 *

H2CO rotations 1cm 3 x 1010 3x1031 106

CO2 vibrations 10 3 x 1013 3 x 1040 10-3

Na D electronic 500nm 1.5 x 1014 6 x 1044 10-7

H Lyman  100nm 3 x 1015 3 x 1046 10-9

Harry Kroto 2004
   (Hz) 3 (Hz3)  (sec)

H (1420 MHz) 21cm 1.5x109 3x1027 1010 *

H2CO rotations 1cm 3 x 1010 3x1031 106

CO2 vibrations 10 3 x 1013 3 x 1040 10-3

Na D electronic 500nm 1.5 x 1014 6 x 1044 10-7

H Lyman  100nm 3 x 1015 3 x 1046 10-9

Harry Kroto 2004
   (Hz) 3 (Hz3)  (sec)

H (1420 MHz) 21cm 1.5x109 3x1027 1010 *

H2CO rotations 1cm 3 x 1010 3x1031 106

CO2 vibrations 10 3 x 1013 3 x 1040 10-3

Na D electronic 500nm 1.5 x 1014 6 x 1044 10-7

H Lyman  100nm 3 x 1015 3 x 1046 10-9

Harry Kroto 2004
 Collisions in the Interstellar Medium ISM
In space the pressures are low
Very low
If n = number of molecules per cc (mainly H)
then

Harry Kroto 2004

 Collisions in the Interstellar Medium ISM
In space the pressures are low
Very low
If n = number of molecules per cc (mainly H)
then

2b = 103/n yrs per collision

Harry Kroto 2004

 Collisions in the Interstellar Medium ISM
In space the pressures are low
Very low
If n = number of molecules per cc (mainly H)
then

2b = 103/n yrs per collision

3b = 1023/n2 yrs per collision

Harry Kroto 2004

 Collisions in the Interstellar Medium ISM
In space the pressures are low
Very low
If n = number of molecules per cc (mainly H)
then

2b = 103/n yrs per collision

3b = 1023/n2 yrs per collision
Number densities are anything from
n = 1-1000 Harry Kroto 2004
Harry Kroto 2004