Leadership

Definition
> Leadership is the process of influencing others to
achieve the organizational goals.

> Leadership is an interaction between the leader, the

followers and the situation.

> Leadership is the ability to persuade others to seek

defined objectives enthusiastically. It is the human
factor which binds a group together and motivates it
towards goals.
Keith Davis
 Features of Leadership
 Leadership is the ability of an individual to
influence others
 Leadership is the ability to bring change in
other’s behaviour
 Leadership is exercised to achieve common
goals
 Leadership is a continuous process.
 Leader VS Manager
LEADER MANAGER
Innovates Administers
Develop Maintain
Inspire Control
Have a long term view Have a short term view
Asks what and why Asks how and when
Originate Imitate
Challenge Status Quo Accept Status Quo
Do the Right Things Do things Right
 Qualities of a Leader
– Creative and Disciplined
– Visionary and Detailed
– Motivational and Commanding
– Directing and Empowering
– Reliable and Risk taking
– Intuitive and Logical
– Intellectual and Ethical
– Coaching and Controlling
– Inspiring and Mentoring

Be not a Perfect Leader, only an Effective one!

 Leadership Styles
“Leadership style impacts the motivation of
employees, either positive or negative.”

The 6 Leadership Styles :

- Coercive - Authoritative
- Affiliative - Democratic
- Pacesetting - Coaching
1. Coercive Style
- Why:
Obtaining immediate compliance from employees
- How:
> Provides clear directive – no empathy
> Tightly controls situation
> Focuses on getting the job done
> Emphasizes the negative
- Slogan:
“Do what I tell you”
“You must do this NOW”
2. Authoritative Style
- Why:
Mobilizing people towards a vision
- How:
> Develop a clear vision
> Obtain employee’s perspective
> Empower and delegate
> Sets standards and monitors performance
> Use balance of negative and positive feedbacks
- Slogan:
“This is where we are going and why.”
“Come with me.”
3. Affiliative Style
- Why:
Promoting harmony and collaboration among employees
- How:
> Promote friendly interactions among employees
> Put people first and Task second
> Try to meet employee’s emotional needs
> Identifies opportunities for positive feedback
> Provide job security and work-life balance
- Slogan:
“People come first”
“Everyone must get along”
4. Democratic Style
- Why:
Building group consensus & commitment through group
management in making decisions
- How:
> Give employees full participation
> Emphasize the importance of consensus
> Include all the views in decision making
> Listen to employees for ideas
> Reward group rather than individual
- Slogan:
“What do you think”
“Let’s see what the group wants”
5. Pacesetting Style
- Why:
Setting high performance standards and getting quick results from a highly
motivated and competent team
- How:
> Leads by example
> Allows employees to work independently
> Delegates demanding tasks to only outstanding performers
> Exerts tight control over poor performers
> Promotes individual efforts rather than teamwork
- Slogan:
“Do as I do”
“This is how it must be done, Watch Me!”
6. Coaching Style
- Why:
Developing people for future performance
- How:
> Help employees identify their performance, strengths and
weaknesses
> Work with employees to establish long term goals
> Encourage employees to solve their own work problems
> Treat mistakes as learning opportunities
- Slogan:
“Try this!”
“Let’s see how can I support you”
 Blake & Mouton’s Managerial Grid
• Appraises leadership styles using two dimensions
- concern for people
- concern for production

• Places managerial styles in five categories:

- Impoverished Management
- Task Management
- Middle-of-the-road Management
- Country club Management
- Team Management
 Blake & Mouton Managerial Grid
High 9 Country Club Team
(1,9) (9,9)

Concern

for

People Middle Road

(5,5)

Impoverished Task
Low 1
(1,1) (9,1)
Low 1 9 High
Concern for production
 Managerial Grid
 Impoverished Mgt. – Exertion of minimum effort to get work done is appropriate to
sustain organization morale

 Task Mgt. – Efficiency in operation results from arranging conditions of work in such a
way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree

 Middle-of-the-road Mgt. – Adequate performance through balance of work

requirements and maintaining satisfactory morale

 Country club Mgt. - Thoughtful attention to needs of people for satisfying

relationships leads to comfortable friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo

 Team Mgt.– Work accomplishments is from committed people. Interdependence

through a ‘common stake’ in organizational purpose leads to relationships of trust and
respect.