JPEG-2000

JPEG - JPEG2000
 Two different standards
 Major differences :

JPEG JPEG2000
Created for natural imagery Created for computer generated imagery
Discrete Cosine Transform algorithm Discrete Wavelet Transform algorithm
JPEG2000
 Can be both lossless and lossy
 Improves image quality
 Uses a layered file structure :
 Progressive transmission
 Progressive rendering
 File structure flexibility:
 Could use for a variety of applications
 Many functionalities
 JPEG2000
 Architecture of standard
 Forward transform
 Quantization
 Entropy coding

Source Forward Entropy Compressed

image data transform Quantization encoding image data
JPEG2000 Source
image data
Forward
transform
Quantization
Entropy
encoding
Compressed
image data

 Forward transform

1. Level shifted
2. Divided into blocks
3. Forward Discrete Wavelet Transform
JPEG2000
 Details
JPEG2000
JPEG2000
 Discrete Wavelet Transform can be :

 Irreversible
 Reversible
 Any user could supply wavelet filter banks
JPEG2000 Source
image data
Forward
transform
Quantization
Entropy
encoding
Compressed
image data

 Quantization

  ij   b 
lij    b  2 Rb  b
1  
 b   2 

Rb Dynamic range: depends on the number of bits and the choice of the wavelet
 b Exponent
b Mantissa
JPEG2000 Source
image data
Forward
transform
Quantization
Entropy
encoding
Compressed
image data

 Entropy encoding
 Embedded Block Coding with Optimization Truncation of
the embedded bit stream (EBCOT)
 Each subband is divided into rectangular blocks which are coded
independently called code blocks
 Bitstream is organized in a succession of layers
 Each layer corresponds to a certain distortion level
 The quality of the reproduction is proportional to the numbers
layers received
JPEG2000
 Layered structure
JPEG - JPEG2000 - Quality
 At compression ratio: 43:1

JPEG JPEG2000
 JPEG - JPEG2000 - Quality
 Comparison of PSNR values (dB) compressed colour
images

Bits per pixel 0.125 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0

Lena JPEG 24.42 28.02 31.17 33.12 35.15

Lena 28.12 30.61 32.95 35.05 37.35

JPEG2000
CONCLUSION – Key points
 JPEG2000: DWT algorithm
 Layered structure
 Many functionalities
 For a similar quality of PSNR, JPEG2000
compresses almost twice more than JPEG