HINDUSTAN COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

CLUTCH
CLUTCH

BY

YASHVIR SINGH
ASST. PROF.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
INTRODUCTION
• Flywheel
• Clutch
• Gearbox
• Universal joint
• Propeller shaft
• Wheels

Power flow diagram

Function of clutch

• To engage and disengage the flow of power from the

engine to the gear box. When clutch is engaged power is
transmitted from the engine to the rear wheels. When
clutch is disengaged, power is not transmitted to the rear
wheels but engine is still running.
• To provide smooth transfer of power to the gearbox.
• To absorb torsional loads and damped the vibrations
produced during the power transmission.
 Working principle

The friction between two surfaces

depends upon
•Area of contact surface.
•Force applied on them.
•Coefficient of friction of surface
material.
Requirements of clutch

• The clutch should be able to transmit torque to the gearbox.

• The clutch should engage and disengage at proper time.
• The clutch should dissipate maximum heat produced during
the operation.
• The clutch should have a suitable mechanism to damp
vibrations and to eliminate noise produced during the
power transmission.
• The clutch should have proper size.
• The clutch should have facing of high coefficient of friction.
Parts of clutch
• Flywheel
• Clutch plate
• Clutch facings
• Pressure plate
• Operating linkages
Clutch plate
• Solid clutch plate
• Axially cushioned clutch plate
• Axially and torsionally cushioned clutch plate
Clutch facing

Requirements
• Good wear strength against the high rubbing speed and large
intensity of pressure.
• High coefficient of friction
• High heat resistance so as to withstand high temperatures
• Light in weight
• Longer life
Types of clutch
Single plate clutch
Advantages
•Changing of gear is easy
•Clutch does not stick
•Reduced impact loads
during gear changing

Disadvantages
•Requires greater force
for disengagement due to
more stiff force
•Having slipping tendency
•Excessive heat is
generated
Multiplate clutch
Cone clutch

Advantages
•Normal force acting on the friction surfaces is greater
If α = semi-cone angle
than the axial force
P = axial force
Disadvantages
Q= normal force •The male cone tends to bind in the female cone when the
Then, Q= P/cosα cone angle is made smaller than 20o
Which is greater than P. •Small amount of wear of cone clutch can hamper the
functioning of the clutch
Centrifugal clutch
Semi-centrifugal clutch
Advantages
•Less stiff springs are used so that the driver
may not get any strain in operating the clutch.
Diaphragm clutch

Advantages
•Accomodates larger clutch plate within a given housing diameter
•Low operating effort
•Accurate operation at higher engine speeds
•Better balancing
Disadvantages
•Insufficient clamping force in case of larger diaphragm
Hydraulic clutch
Electro-magnetic clutch
Vacuum clutch
Dog and spline clutch
Friction line materials
• Asbestos: It can be used at high temperature also and linings
of this material have coefficient of friction of about 0 2.
• Reybestos and Ferodo: These materials are most suitable and
generally used for clutch friction linings and have a co
efficient of friction of about 0.35.
• Leather: The co-efficient of friction between dry leather and
iron is 0.27.
• Cork: The co-efficient of friction between cork and steel or
iron is 0.32.
• Fabric: This material has co-efficient of friction about 0.4,
but it cannot be used a high temperature.