BUSINESS RESEARCH

METHOD
Introduction to business research methods
and its types.

GROUP-5

PURNIMA PRASAD
TARUN GARG
PRATYUSHA BAL
ASHUTOSH PANDEY
ANKIT CHAURASIA
 WHAT IS RESEARCH?
 Research is simply the process of finding solutions
to a problem after a thorough study and analysis of
the situation factors.

2
BUSINESS RESEARCH
Business research can be described as a systematic
and organized effort to investigate a specific problem
encountered in the work setting, which needs a
solution.

3
SOME COMMON AREAS OF
RESEARCH IN AN
ORGANISATION
1. Employee behaviors such as performance, absenteeism, and
turnover
2. Employee attitudes such as job satisfaction, loyalty, and
organizational commitment
3. Supervisory performance, managerial leadership style, and
performance appraisal systems.
 Types of
researcher

Internal External
researcher researcher
INTERNAL
RESEARCHER
Advantage of internal consultants / Disadvantage of internal consultants

researchers
1. Accepted by the employees
2. Less time to understand the
structure, work system
3. They are available to
implement their
recommendations, and deal
with any bugs
4. Less cost
/ researchers
1. Fall into a stereotyped way
of looking
2. Scope of certain powerful
3. Not perceived as “ experts”
4. Biases of the internal
research team

6
 EXTERNAL RESEARCHER
Advantage of external consultants / Disadvantage of external consultants /

researchers researchers

1. Wide range of experience 1. The cost is high

2. Have more knowledge of 2. Much time to understand the
current sophisticated problem organization
– solving 3. Additional fees for
implementation

7
 TYPES OF RESEARCH
Application

Objective

Enquiry mode

Time frame
1.Pure or 1.Exploratory • Quantitativ 1. Cross-
Basic 2.Conclusing e sectional
• Descriptive • Qualitative 2. Longitudinal
2.Applied • Experiment
al
 BASIC RESEARCH
BASIC RESEARCH

APPLIED RESEARCH

EXPLORATORY RESEARCH Basic ( fundamental or pure ) research is mainly

concerned with generalizations and with the
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH formulation of a theory.
For example, research related to pure
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH mathematics .

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

CROSS-SECTIONAL
RESEARCH

LONGITUDINAL RESERACH
 BASIC RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH
Applied research refers to scientific study and research that
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH seeks to solve practical problems. Applied research is used to
find solutions to everyday problems, cure illness, and develop
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
innovative technologies, rather than to acquire knowledge for
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH knowledge's sake.
For example, applied researchers may investigate ways to:
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
• Improve agricultural crop production
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH • Treat or cure a specific disease

CROSS-SECTIONAL • Improve the energy efficiency of homes, offices, or modes

RESEARCH
of transportation
LONGITUDINAL RESERACH
BASIC RESEARCH
EXPLORATORY
APPLIED
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
EXPLORATORY Exploratory research is a type of research conducted for a
RESEARCH
problem that has not been clearly defined. Exploratory research
DESCRIPTIVE helps determine the best research design, data collection
RESEARCH
method and selection of subjects.
EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH • The results of exploratory research are not usually useful
QUALITATIVE for decision-making by themselves, but they can provide
RESEARCH
significant insight into a given situation.
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH • Exploratory research is not typically generalizable to
CROSS-
SECTIONAL the population at large.
RESEARCH
LONGITUDINAL • Exploratory research can be quite informal, relying on
RESERACH secondary research.
BASIC RESEARCH DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
APPLIED RESEARCH

EXPLORATORY Descriptive research refers to research that

RESEARCH
provides an accurate portrayal of characteristics of
DESCRIPTIVE
RESEARCH a particular individual, situation, or group.
EXPERIMENTAL Descriptive research, also known as statistical
RESEARCH
research. These studies are a means of discovering
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH new meaning, describing what exists, determining
QUANTITATIVE the frequency with which something occurs, and
RESEARCH
categorizing information.
CROSS-SECTIONAL
RESEARCH
For example,
LONGITUDINAL
RESERACH • finding the most frequent disease that affects the
children of a town.
BASIC RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL
APPLIED RESEARCH

EXPLORATORY
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
Experimental research is a study that strictly
DESCRIPTIVE
RESEARCH adheres to a scientific research design. It includes a
EXPERIMENTAL hypothesis, a variable that can be manipulated by
RESEARCH
the researcher and variables that can be measured,
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH calculated and compared.
QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH Example: teaching method, Communication
CROSS-SECTIONAL strategy.
RESEARCH

LONGITUDINAL
RESERACH
 BASIC RESEARCH QUALITATIVE
APPLIED RESEARCH
RESEARCH
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
Qualitative research is a scientific method of
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH observation to gather non-numeric data. This
type of research “refers to the meanings,
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
concepts, definitions, characteristics,
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
metaphors, symbols and description of things”
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and not to their “counts and measures.”
CROSS-SECTIONAL
RESEARCH

LONGITUDINAL RESERACH
 BASIC RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE
APPLIED RESEARCH
RESEARCH
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
Quantitative research is defines as a systematic
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH investigation of phenomena by gathering
quantifiable data and performing statistical,
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
mathematical, or computational techniques. Data
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
are collected using sampling methods, online
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH surveys, questionnaires etc.
CROSS-SECTIONAL
RESEARCH
Example: Amount of time a doctor takes to tend to a
patient or how many patients are attended in a day
LONGITUDINAL RESERACH
etc.
 BASIC RESEARCH CROSS-SECTIONAL
APPLIED RESEARCH
RESEARCH
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
Cross-sectional research is a research in which
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH data are collected to make inferences about a
population of interest at a point of time. It may
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
be repeated periodically.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Example:
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

CROSS-SECTIONAL
RESEARCH

LONGITUDINAL RESERACH
 BASIC RESEARCH LONGITUDINAL
APPLIED RESEARCH
RESEARCH
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
A longitudinal research involves repeated
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH observations of the same variables over short or
long periods of time.It is often a type o
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
observational study.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

CROSS-SECTIONAL
RESEARCH

LONGITUDINAL RESERACH