Band-Type Clutches and Brakes

 The drum has center at O and have a d

radius r and its fixed at point A ϕ
 The contact between belt and drum is 
O
between the angular positions ϕ
 The activation force P2 is applied; r
 The tension in the belt on other end will
be P1 > P2 due to frictional force P1 > P2
 The relationship between P1 and P2 can be A P2
obtained by considering a differential
element d at an angle  d/2 d/2
 The forces acting on the differential
fdN P
element are as shown. P+dP
dN
 The forces P and (P+dP) can be
resolved into horizontal and vertical
components d r

O
Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 2
 Force Analysis and Braking Capacity
 Summing the forces in vertical direction: d
d d
 P  d P  sin    P sin    dN  0  dN  Pd
ϕ
 2   2  
O
For small angles sin dθ/2 = dθ/2 and dP sin(dθ/2) = 0
r
 Summing the forces in horizontal direction:
d d
 P  dP  cos    P cos    f dN  0  f d N  dP P1 > P2
 2   2 
A P2
since for small angles cos dθ/2 = 1
 Substituting value of dN and integrating yields: d/2
d/2
P1 
dP  P1  P+dP
fdN P
P P  f 0 d or ln    f 
 P2 
dN
2

Therefore: d r
P1 f 
e
P2
O
Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 3
 Force Analysis and Braking Capacity
Braking Torque d
D
The braking torque T is: T   P2  P1  ϕ
2

Pressure Distribution: O

The pressure on the element length rd r

due to normal force dN is:
dN = pbr dθ
P1 > P2
where b is the face width (┴ to the paper)
A P2
of the friction material
Substitution of the value of dN gives: r d
d/2 d/2
P 2P
P dθ = pbr dθ  p  fdN P
P+dP
br bD dN
The pressure is therefore proportional to the
tension in the band. The maximum pressure pa r
d
will occur at the toe and has the value:
2 P1
pa 
bD O
Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 4
 Problem 16-11
100 mm

Given: pa = 620 kPa, D = 350 mm, b = 100 mm, f = 0.30, ϕ = 270o

Reqd: (a) P1, P2, (b) T
Solution:
First we find P1 based on maximum pressure value:

f
Now: P1 P2  e so

The torque is:

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 5

 Problem 16-12

Given: D = 300 mm, b = 80 mm, f = 0.28, P1 = 7.6 kN ϕ = 270o

Reqd: (a) pa, (b) T
Solution:
First we find maximum pressure value based on P1 :

We would need P2 for T, so first we calculate P2:

P1 P2  e f  so
and
The torque is:

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 6

 Problem 16-13
3

Given: f = 0.3, b = 50 mm, F = 300 N

ϕ
Reqd: (a) P1, P2, (b) T
Solution: O

First we find the belt tensions by considering B
the free body diagram of the arm:
A

A
A

Now the wrap angle ϕ can be obtained by considering right ∆OBA

therefore,

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 7

 Problem 16-13
3

Given: f = 0.3, b = 50 mm, F = 400 N

ϕ
Reqd: (a) P1, P2, (b) T
Solution (continued): O

Now: B

Therefore:

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 8

 Problem 16-14

Given: D = 400 mm, b = 75 mm, n = 200 rev/min,

f = 0.20, pa = 480 kPa
Reqd: (a) T, P and power
Solution:
First we find the belt tensions by considering the
maximum pressure:

Now:

So:

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 9

 Problem 16-14
Given: D = 400 mm, b = 75 mm, n = 200 rev/min,
f = 0.20, pa = 480 kPa
Reqd: (a) T, P and power
Solution (continued):
Now the power can be estimated as:

The force P can be estimated by considering the free

body diagram of the arm:

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 10

 Problem 16-14

Given: D = 400 mm, b = 75 mm, n = 200 rev/min,

f = 0.20, pa = 480 kPa, P1= 7200 N, P2 = 2807 N,
P=2.16 kN
Reqd: (b) Bearing Radial Loads

Solution:

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 11

 Problem 16-14

Given: D = 400 mm, b = 75 mm, n = 200 rev/min, f = 0.20, pa = 480 kPa, P1= 7200 N,
P2 = 2807 N, P=2.16 kN
Reqd: (c) extreme values of pressure ϕ
Solution:
P 2P
p 
br bd

ϕ=0o

ϕ=270o

Lecture Notes ME308 Dr. Sulaiman Pashah 12