EXPONENTS AND POWERS

WHAT ARE EXPONENTS?

 An exponent is just a shorthand way of saying to multiply the same

given quantity by itself for a specified number of times.
 For example: 3^5. Here 5 is the exponent. This is the short way of
writing 3*3*3*3*3.
 Exponents are also called indices or powers.
LAWS OF EXPONENTS- A RECAP

FIRST LAW
When bases are same and are multiplied, powers of the given base
are added.
For example: 2^3*2^4
=2^3+4
=2^7
 SECOND LAW
When bases are same and are divided, powers of the given base are
subtracted.
For example: 2^4/2^3
=2^4-3
=2^1 =2

POWER OF A POWER
If there are double exponents then multiply the exponents and keep
the base same.
For example: (2^3)^4
=2^3*4
=2^12
BASES WITH POWER 0
If any base (except 0) has power 0 the given expression is equal to
1.
For example: 2^0
=1
NEGATIVE POWERS

When the power on a rational number is negative we write the

reciprocal of the previous base as a new base .
We remove the minus sign from the power and write the positive
power.
For example: 50^-4
=(1/50)^4
=1^4 / 50^4
=1/50^4
 USE OF EXPONENTS TO EXPRESS LARGE
AND SMALL NUMBERS IN STANDARD FORM

 Standard form is a useful way of writing down very large and

very small numbers.
 Exponents play a very important role in doing this.
 For example: speed of light = 300,000,000 m/sec
Here such a big number is not easy to say. So to simplify it we
will bring this to its standard form.
Speed of light = 3*10*10*10*10*10*10*10*10
= 3*10^8
 QUIZ TIME

Question 1- Simplify the following:-

I) 2^6 * 2^-2
II) (3^4 * 3^6) / (3^9 * 3^0)
Question 2- Bring the following to their standard form:-
III) 400 * 600
IV) 0.000000625
THANK
YOU