CONCEPTS

CONCEPTS OF
OF OBJECT
OBJECT
ORIENTED
ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
PROGRAMMING
BY:
 Generations of Programming
Languages
First Second Third Fourth Fifth
Generation Generation Generation Generation Generation

Machine Assembly High Level Object Expert

Language Language Oriented Systems
Language Language

O’s & 1’s Mnemonics Basic, C++, Turbo

COBOL, C V.B., JAVA Prolog
 Basic Object Oriented
Concepts
• Class
• Object
• Data Encapsulation
• Data Abstraction
• Data Hiding
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
 CLASS

• A Class is a basic user defined data

type or in simple words it’s a
collection of similar type of entities.
• Each Class contains two sections:
Data Members
Member Functions
 OBJECT
• It is a basic run time entity or simply
an object is an instance of class.

Fruit

Mango Apple
Banana
 Data Encapsulation
• Wrapping up of two or more things in
a single unit is called encapsulation.
• As Class in C++ wraps two sections
(Data + Method) which is called Data
Encapsulation.
 Data Abstraction

• Representing only essential details &

hiding background details is known as
Abstraction.
 Data Hiding

• By OOPS we prevent our

functionality from outside or we hide
what is going in background. This
phenomenon is called Data Hiding.
 Inheritance

• It is Re-Using existing classes to make new

classes so that objects of one class can acquire
the properties of other classes.

• Single
• Multi-Level
• Hierarchical
• Multiple
• Multipath
 Polymorphism

• In simple words, Polymorphism is

ONE THING : MULTIPLE FORMS

It is the ability to behave differently

in different circumstances.
 Visibility Modes
• Data Members & Member Functions can be
declared in any one of the following visibility
Modes:
Private (Default – Accessible in own
class by public members only)
Public ( Accessible anywhere outside
the class)
Protected (used to serve the
purpose of both private & public.
 C++ FIRST PROGRAM : A CLASS : PART 1

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h> Data Members Declared
class rectangle
{
public:
int width;
int length;
void getdata(void)
{
cout<< "\n Enter the WIDTH:"; Member
cin >> width; Functions
cout<< "\n Enter the LENGTH:"; Declared &
cin>> length; Defined
}
void putdata(void)
{
cout<< "\n WIDTH="<< width;
cout<< "\n LENGTH="<<length;
}
};
 C++ FIRST PROGRAM : A CLASS : PART 2

void main()
{
rectangle r1; Creation of
object r1
r1.getdata(); from class
r1.putdata(); rectangle
getch();
}

Call to
member
functions
getdata() &
putdata()
for object r1
THANK YOU