INDONESIA

HISTORY
The Architecture of Indonesia reflects the diversity of
cultural, historical and geographic influences that have
shaped Indonesia as a whole. Invaders, colonizers,
missionaries, merchants and traders brought cultural changes
that had a profound effect on building styles and techniques.
Traditionally, the most significant foreign influence has been
Indian. However, Chinese, Arab and since the 18th and 19th
centuries European influences have played significant roles
too in shaping Indonesian architecture.
GEOGRAPHICA
L
GEOLOGICA
L  Mountainous
 A long curving band
of active and extinct
volcanoes passes
through Sumatra,
Java and Bali
 Volcanic rock has
been extensively
used for construction
work
CLIMATIC
 A tropical climate
 Not great seasonal variation in
temperature
 Generally humid and under the
influence of both monsoons
CLIMATIC Design Of Malay House
MATERIAL
S

BRICKS TIMBER SUGAR PALM LEAVES COCONUT TRUNK

MATERIAL
S

BAMBOO ALANG-ALANG GRASS RICE STRAW COCONUT FIBER

RELIGION

Real Estate
INDONESIA
RELIGION
 “Belief in the one and only God".
 The Indonesian Constitution guarantees freedom of
religion. religion
 The government only recognizes six official religions
(Islam, Protestantism, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism
and Confucianism)
 Indonesian law requires that every Indonesian citizen
hold an identity card
 Agnosticism or atheism, and blasphemy is illegal.

Real Estate
INDONESIA
RELIGION
 Architecture in Indonesia focuses on defining
terms that relate to their religions
 They make representations of religious
sculptures, carvings, and temples.
 Architectural heritage influences by religious
are commonly found in Java.

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INDONESIA
ARCHITECTURAL
CHARACTER
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
TEMPLE
MIDDLE JAVA
 Solid stone walls COMPLES
 Corbelled arches OF
 No load bearing columns PRAMBAN
AM
STUPAS OF
BARABAD
UR

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INDONESIA
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER

EAST JAVA
 Increased evidence
of the native
Indonesian tradition

WAYANG
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INDONESIA
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER

Timber is
abundant

LONG HOUSE
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INDONESIA
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
RUMAH
GADANG 
house for the
Minangkabau people
serves as a
residence, a hall for
family meetings, and
for ceremonial
activities.
RUMAH
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INDONESIA
 COLORFUL
BUFALLO INWRD PATTERNS OF
HORN SLOPING INTERTWINED
RIDGE ROOF FLOWER
WITH HIGH
GABLES WOODEN
PILLARS

RUMAH
ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS
GONJONG - hornlike roof structure
SINGOK - triangular wall under the ends of gonjong
PERENG -shelf under the singok
ANJUANG - raised floor at the end of one style of rumah
gadang
DINDIANG ARI - the walls on the side elevations
DINDIANG TAPI - the walls on the front and back elevations
PAPAN BANYAK -front facade
PAPAN SAKAPIANG -a shelf or middle band on the periphery
of the house
SALANGKO -wall enclosing space under A house that has
been built on stilts
ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS
World mountain “MERU” of Indian Cosmology and Mahayana
Buddhist cosmic system
 Square in plan, with a
stone plinth-foundation
each 150 m side having
five slightly stepped
faces to the crowning
Central Stupa.
 The galleries display
some 1,300 pane; of
sculpture, depicting the
STUPA OF life of the Buddha and
legends from the

ARADURU sacred Buddhist texts.

 EXAMPLE
STRUCTURE
EXAMPLE STRUCTURES
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE
PALACE ARCHITECTURE
COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
Architectural heritage influenced
by religious are commonly found
in Java.
The beginning are Hindu -
Buddhist kingdoms between the
8th and 14th centuries.
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE

DIENG TEMLES
-DIENG PLATEU,
BATUR
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE

PRAMBANAN
TEMPLE
Yogyakarta
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE

Yogyakarta

BOROBUDUR
TEMPLE
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE

GRAND
Yogyakarta
MOSQUE
TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE
originates from two sources. One is the great Hindu
tradition brought to Indonesia from India via Java. The
second is an indigenous architecture pre- dating the
Hindu epic.
each of Indonesia’s ethnic groups has its own distinctive
form of the traditional vernacular architecture, Rumah adat
villagers build their own homes, or community will their
resources for a structure built under the direction of a
master builder and/or a carpenter.
TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE

TORAJA
HOUSE
- SULAWESI
TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE

Mentawai
House
Nias
TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE

BATAK
KARO
- HOUSE
PALACE ARCHITECTURE
• Istana (or "Palace") , is more often
than not based on the vernacular
adat domestic styles of the area.
• Royal courts, however, were able
to develop much grander and
elaborate versions of this
traditional architecture.
PALACE ARCHITECTURE

KRATON
YOGYAKAR
TA
PALACE ARCHITECTURE

PAGARUYU
NG PALACE
Sumatera Barat
PALACE ARCHITECTURE

ART-DECO
HOUSE
BANDUNG
C.P.W. Schoemaker
PALACE ARCHITECTURE

MUSEUM
Old City - Jakarta Kota JAKARTA
CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE