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Ch. 5 – Rheology
Ruler, Pencil
Relationship
Between
Stress and
Strain under
high Temps or
Pressure
Chewing Gum
Structural Geology (3443)
Ch. 5 – Rheology
d / t
dt o
Structural Geology
Ch. 5 – Results of Rock testing
1 – 3
Homework: What is the
range of depths shown by Structural Geology
the graph? Remember 1 Ch. 5 – Results of Rock testing
MPa = 1 x 106 Pa
Confining
Pressure
MPa
1 – 3
1 km = 25 MPa
Example for 20 MPa
What about 140 MPa
What happens to the yield
strength with increasing Structural Geology
confining pressure? Ch. 5 – Results of Rock testing
1 – 3
1 – 3
Structural Geology Ch. 5 – Rock testing
Effect of temperature:
If the temperature
gradient is 25oC/km, what
is the simulated depth of
1 – 3
the various temperatures
if the surface
temperature is 25oC?
Example d / t
dt o
(300oC – 25oC) x 1km/25oC
Structural Geology Ch. 5 – Rock testing
What happens to the
ultimate (blue bar ) and
yield strength (dot o) as
temperature (depth)
1 – 3
increases?
Strain Rate Fast 4 x 10-1/sec = 0.4 l/l0/sec
Tension (extension)
Homework:
Look at the differential
stress rupture points.
For the same rock (here 1 – 3
Yule Marble) is the rupture
point stress higher under
slow or fast strain rate?
High ’
Effect of strain rate.
What happens to the yield
strength as the strain rate ’
decreases?
d / t
dt o
Low ’
Structural Geology Ch. 5 – Rock testing
Example: Divergent Margin
Consider a cross section
which was extended to 51
km from an initial length of
33 km.
If the deformation took 1
million years,
a.Calculate the strain rate. d
/ t
dt o
b. How does that compare to
the experimental strain rates
shown here?
Structural Geology Ch. 5 – Rock testing
Example:
d / t
Consider a cross section dt o
b. How does that compare to A much slower strain rate than the
the experimental strain rates experiments seen above.
shown here?
= h/v
Structural Geology Ch. 5 – Rock testing
= K x [(V – V0)/V0]
Structural Geology Ch. 5 – Rock testing