THE ELEMENTS OF AN

EFFECTIVE SAFETY PROGRAM

CHAPTER 2
The essentials top-rate safety performance in any given
establishment may be summarized as follows:

1. There must be forceful, continuous executive leadership.

2. Plant and equipment must be made safe.
3. Supervision must be competent and intensely safety minded.
4. Full employee cooperation in accident prevention must be
secured and maintained.

Purpose of the safety program and activities carried on :

A. Reducing the hazard factor .

B. developing the safe and adequate behavior by every employee.
 Planning for the prevention of accidents should, of course, be
an intimate part of the planning and development of the entire
undertaking . If this procedures is followed, a new plant or project
of any kind can have so low a factor of hazard that, with reasonable
good management and attention to the development of safety
behavior, human injured can be practically eliminated in its
operation. However, given a plant already in operation, planning is
still important of the almost continuous change in process ,
procedure and the like, and also because of the continuing
modifications necessary to keep operations and equipment abreast
of industrial progress. Each such change, new operation , or
modification should be carefully planned to eliminate as much of
the hazard factor as impossible.
 A definite system of inspection should be set up to cover all of
the plant and everything in it. Not only may hazards have been
overlooked in the planning, erection, and equipment of the plant ,
but more important , the daily wear and tear and the changes made
cause hazards to develop, which are likely, in the absence of
adequate inspection, to come light only when they yield injury.
Therefore, every management should set up a system of inspection
suitable to its needs.

Quantity production has been made possible only by very

thorough planning of each operation and piece of equipment
involved, as well as the maintenance of control adequate to insure
that the work will go as planned even if the initial planning proves
to be faulty, and suitable modifications must be made.
 SAFEST METHOD OF WORK

- Work out
- The hazard points discovered
- The advisable safeguards determined and provided for.
- And proper training provided

“Injuries Can Be Eliminated As Effectively From Them As From

Quantity Production Work.”
 Both inspection and job safety analysis bring many unsafe
practices to light, but that is not their chief function. The control
of worker action is primarily a supervisory function. Whatever
unsafe acts and practices are tuned up by the three activities
mentioned above should be made known to supervision
promptly as a sort of extra dividend

Accident investigation therefore is the nature of post mortem

whereby the investigator seeks to discover information that will
be helpful in preventing repetition.
 DEVELOPING SAFE BEHAVIOR

An adequate program of developing and maintaining safe

behavior must include the continuance of safety advertising
whereby all employees are favorably conditioned to receive
specific ideas and participate in specific safety activities.
SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES WHOSE PRIMARY PURPOSE IS
TO DEVELOP SAFE AND ADEQUATE BEHAVIOR

Placement
• Job analysis will have determined
• Job safety analysis will have
determined the human
qualifications needed for each
specific job. Proper pre-
employment physical and
aptitude tests and in some
cases, psychological analysis
make it possible to place the
job applicant in the work best
suited to his abilities.
Haphazard placement is
undoubtedly at the root of
many injuries.
training
the safe methods of work and will
have developed the information the
worker needs. However, in training
him for proper functioning, the
detailed method of training
expressed so well by the simple
formula “Tell him, show him, have
him do it, correct him until he has
it, supervise him to see that he
keeps it,” expresses the
fundamentals of adequate job
training.
SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES WHOSE PRIMARY PURPOSE IS
TO DEVELOP SAFE AND ADEQUATE BEHAVIOR

Supervision
• It should be obvious that if it is
true that the foreman is the key
man in safety, the most careful
attention should be given to the
selection and training of
foreman so that they can
function competently in their
positions of key responsibility.
Therefore, a carefully worked
out schedule of foreman
training in safety should be a
part of every safety program.
Education
• A clearer distinction should be
made between education and
training. By education, we can
mean increasing of a persons
general knowledge in the fields
in which he works, and in allied
fields. By training we mean the
development of skill in the doing
of specific task or type of works.
Safety education should be
related to the work men do and
should be presented in a manner
that will stimulate their thinking.
SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES WHOSE PRIMARY PURPOSE IS
TO DEVELOP SAFE AND ADEQUATE BEHAVIOR

Employee Participation

• Since the great majority of people learn mainly “in the doing,”
and since also their interest is enlisted chiefly personal
participation, the maximum in employee participation in
safety activities and allied undertakings should be sought. It is
possible in the well- organization and adequate safety program
to assign some specific part to every employee in the
organization.
KEEPING THE PROGRAM UP TO MARK

• Methods appraisal of safety performance have already been discussed.

It is emphasized that every safety program requires continuo’s
supervision and appraisal if performance is to kept up to lathes mark.
Careful watch must be kept on quality (on performance in each in the
various activities, even though appraisal may be difficult) definite
standards and benchmark are, for the most part, infeasible, and one
must take into consideration the circumstances of the individual case.
The important point is that the safety director or other executive having
primary responsibility for the functioning of the safety program must
set suitable goals and must adopt means of gauging performance in the
program as a whole and in each of its various parts.
THANK YOU!!!