PAPAN SUIS & PERKAKAS SUIS

Kursus Rekabentuk Elektrik Untuk Jurutera,

Penolong Jurutera & Juruteknik Elektrik,
Caw. Kej. Elektrik JKR Malaysia
Pada:
24 - 27 APRIL 2006

Oleh :
Noor Ashikin bt. Md. Tamimi
Kandungan
Pengenalan kepada :
 Papan Suis

 Fungsi, Definasi dan Jenis

 Lokasi dan Penamaan
 Kelengkapan, Elemen Asas & Binaan
 Perkakas Suis
 Komponen Perlindungan
PAPAN SUIS
 Fungsi Papan Suis :
 Mengagihkan kuasa & melindungi litar.
- Kemungkinan kerosakan rendah (reliability)
- Kerosakan yang tidak berbahaya (safety)
- Kebolehan beroperasi dalam masa yang ditetapkan
(availability)
- Pembaikan yang mudah & cepat (maintainability)
 Melindungi nyawa/mencegah daripada bahaya.
 Mengawal dan mengawasi pepasangan.
PAPAN SUIS
 Definasi Mengikut IEE Wiring Regulations:
 Papan Suis (Switch Board)
‘An assembly of switchgear with or without instruments
but the term does not apply to groups of local switches
in the final circuits’.
 Papan Agihan (Distribution Board)
‘An assembly containing switching or protection devices
(e.g. fuses, circuit breaker, residual current operated
devices) associates with one or more outgoing circuits
fed from one or more incoming circuits together with
terminals for the neutral and protective circuit
conductors’.
PAPAN SUIS
 Jenis Papan Suis
 Dirian Lantai (tetap)
 Floor mounted, metalclad cubicle type, self contained,
flush fronted, front & rear access.
 Dirian Lantai (tetap)
 Floor mounted, metalclad cubicle type, self contained,
flush fronted, front access.
 Dirian lantai (berkaki)
 Floor mounted, metalclad type, pedastal, front access.
 Lekapan dinding
 Wall mounted, front access. (<100A)
 Penentuan Bekalan
Nilai Beban, B (MD) Jenis Bekalan
Incoming
1. B < 1000 kVA LV (1 Tx)

2. 1000 kVA<B<1500 kVA HT (11 KV) / LV (2 Tx)

3. B > 1500 kVA HT (11 kV)

 JKR
ELEKTRIK

5.1
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

5.1
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

5.2
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

5.4
 PAPAN SUIS
 Lokasi dan Penamaan Papan Suis
 MSB (Main Switch Board)
 Papan Suis Permulaan Kemasukan/Utama
 Lokasi ditentukan mengikut arah kemasukan kabel TNB
dan jumlah beban maksima (TMD).
 Keupayaan 50 KA/1 sec, 415V (LS1 April 1999) /
IEC 60439-1 & IEC 60439-5.
 Dirian lantai, jenis Form 2B (rujuk gambar)
 Saiz breaker = MD x 1.3 (30% spare)
 Saiz Earthing Bar 50mm x 6mm(rujuk Table 4 LS1).
RUJUKAN : L-SI ( M/S 45/57 )

PAPAN SUIS
TABLE 4
PEFC (I) FOR 1s MAIN EARTH BAR EARTH CONDUCT.
DURATION (KA) (mm x mm) (No. x mm x mm)

I < 20 25 X 6 1 X 25 X 3

20 < I < 30 31 X 6 2 X 25 X 3

30 < I < 40 38 X 6 2 X 25 X 3

40 < I < 5 0 50 X 6 2 X 25 X 3

PEFC – PROSPECTIVE EARTH FAULT CURRENTS

 JKR

MSB - Form 2b
ELEKTRIK

INDICATORS DOOR - DOUBLE LEAF

INSTRUMENT WIDTH 450mm

BUSBAR
COMPARTMENT

FUNCTIONAL
UNITS

2M

SPD

MINIMUM LEVEL (200mm) TINNED COPPER EARTHING BAR

OF CONNECTIONS 50mm X 6mm (VERTICAL)
TINNED COPPER EARTHING BAR
TOOLS COMPARTMENT 50mm X 6mm (HORIZONTAL)
5.16,5.17,5.18,5.19
 JKR

MSB - Form 2b
ELEKTRIK

INDICATORS DOOR - DOUBLE LEAF

INSTRUMENT WIDTH 450mm

TINNED COPPER EARTHING BAR

50mm X 6mm (VERTICAL)
TINNED COPPER EARTHING BAR
50mm X 6mm (HORIZONTAL)
6.6
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

FRONT VIEW REAR VIEW

MAIN BUSBAR COMPARTMENT

FORM 2b

5.16
 JKR

TOP
ELEKTRIK

BOTTOM

SIDE
5.9 5.10
 JKR
MCB
ELEKTRIK

DB
Icu = 30 kA at 240/415V
MCCB
Ics = 50% of Icu (15 kA)

Icu = 30 kA at 415V
MCCB
Ics = 50% of Icu (15 kA)

SSB

Icu = 30 kA at 415V
MCCB Ics = 100% of Icu (30 kA)

Icu = 50 kA at 415V
MCCB
Ics = 50% of Icu (25 kA)

MSB

MCCB Icu = 50 kA at 415V

Ics = 100% of Icu (50 kA)

TNB 11.2
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

MAIN EARTHING BAR

PROBE P2

PROBE C2
LIGHTNING
PROTECTION
CONDUCTOR

EARTHING EARTHING
CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR
LIGHTNING
PROTECTION
PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR CONNECTED TO MSB CONDUCTOR

33.6, 33.7
 PAPAN SUIS
 Lokasi dan Penamaan Papan Suis
 SSB (Sub Switch Board)
 Papan Suis selepas MSB & sebelum DB/CU/FP.
 Keupayaan 30 KA/1 sec., dirian lantai atau lekapan dinding.
 Saiz breaker = MD x 1.3 (30% spare)
 DB, CU, F/P (Distribution Board, Consumer Unit,
Feeder Pillar)
 Papan Suis akhir sebelum bekalan disalurkan kepada beban.
 Saiz breaker = TCL (20% spare) – outgoing ways.
 Jenis lekapan dinding (Jika F/P ; jenis outdoor metalclad/stainless
steel)- e.g. DB (8,12 &16 ways o/g)
 Jenis SPN/TPN. (Jika CU ; jenis DP & all insulated type)
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

8.5
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

SUSUNAN LITAR 1,2…( EARTH ) SUSUNAN LITAR 1,2…( NEUTRAL )

SUSUNAN LITAR 1,2…( LIVE )

8.4
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS

TO ENSURE GOOD ELECTRICAL CONTACT

33.1,33.2,33.3,33.4,33.5
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

BUSBAR MAX. CURRENT RATING

PLUS 20% SPARE CAPACITY

8.3
 PAPAN SUIS
 Kelengkapan Papan Suis Utama (MSB)
 Papan Suis yang dibuat mesti menempatkan
ACB, MCCB, F/S, S/F, isolator, contactor,
busbar, meter, protection relay, selector
switch, indicating lamp, measuring instrument,
CT, cable terminating boxes, cable gland, anti
condensation heater c/w automatic thermostat,
SPD, power factor board, etc.
 Voltan operasi ialah 415/240, 3Ø, 4 wire, 50Hz.
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

FRONT VIEW REAR VIEW

MAIN BUSBAR COMPARTMENT

FORM 2b

5.16
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

6.3
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

6.4
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

7.1,7.2
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

METERING TRANSFORMERS

15.2
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

PROTECTION TRANSFORMERS

15.2,15.4
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

7.3
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICE ( SPD )

LET THROUGH VOLTAGE

PEAK DISCHARGE
CURRENT

VOLTAGE RATING

16.0-TABLE 1
PAPAN SUIS
 Elemen Asas Papan Suis:
 Enclosures
 Perkakas Suis
 Circuit Breaker
 F/S, S/F
 C/O Contactor
 Isolator
 Busbar/Kabel
 Komponen Perlindungan
 BINAAN PAPAN SUIS
 Enclosures :
 Mengandungi frame work, door, panel & cover.
 Ketebalan frame work = 2.5 mm
 Ketebalan panel,cover,door = 2.0 mm, lebar < 450mm (sheet steel)
 Terminal perkakas suis terendah = 200 mm/8” (outgoing) & 2½’/3’
(TNB incoming) dari atas aras lantai.
 Peralatan e.g. metering instruments, indicating lights, etc. tidak
melebihi 2000 mm dari aras lantai.
 Compartment khusus untuk SPD, relays, tools, etc.
 Dust & vermin proof, grommets & dust seals pada cover & door,
louvres/ventilation vent c/w filter pada bahagian tepi dan belakang.
 JKR

SWITCHBOARD
ELEKTRIK

(FRAME)

2.5mm

5.6
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

< 450 mm

5.8
 JKR

MSB - Form 2b
ELEKTRIK

INDICATORS DOOR - DOUBLE LEAF

INSTRUMENT WIDTH 450mm

BUSBAR
COMPARTMENT

FUNCTIONAL
UNITS

2M

SPD

MINIMUM LEVEL (200mm) TINNED COPPER EARTHING BAR

OF CONNECTIONS 50mm X 6mm (VERTICAL)
TINNED COPPER EARTHING BAR
TOOLS COMPARTMENT 50mm X 6mm (HORIZONTAL)
5.16,5.17,5.18,5.19
PERKAKAS SUIS
 Circuit Breaker
MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker)
 Breaking capacity > 6 kA.
 Type B (class 3) - litar elektrik
 Type C (class 3) - litar bermotor
 Saiz digunakan 6A, 20 A, 32 A.
 Saiz di pasaran dari 6 A hingga 100 A.
(terdapat juga sehingga 0.5A)
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKERS (MCB)

kA RATING
TYPE C &
RATING

IEC 60898

ENERGY
LIMITING
CHARACTERISTIC

12.0
 JKR

MCB-TIDAK MENGIKUT KEHENDAK JKR

ELEKTRIK

5.0
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

MCB-TIDAK MENGIKUT KEHENDAK JKR

12.0
PERKAKAS SUIS
 Circuit Breaker
MCCB (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker)
 ‘Interupting capacity’ < 50 kA (1 sec) - MSB dan
< 30 kA (1 sec) - SSB.
 Kadar kA di pasaran dari 16kA hingga 65kA.
 Saiz 16A hingga 1600A. (terdapat juga sehingga
6000A)
 Perlu dilengkapkan dengan kemudahan panel
lekapan handle berkunci (padlock) dan pintu
interlock sekiranya incoming feeder melebihi
400A.
 Digunakan sebagai menggantikan S/F atau F/S.
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

MOULDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER

•415V ~ 70 kA ( Icu )

•Ics = 100% Icu

•IEC 60947-2

11.2.i
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

11.2.ii
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

11.2.ii
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

MCCB – TIDAK MEMENUHI SPESIFIKASI JKR

16.3
 JKR

EXTERNAL OPERATING HANDLE

ELEKTRIK

LENGKAP DENGAN PADLOCKING

AND DOOR INTERLOCKING FACILITIES

11.5
 JKR
NO EXTERNAL OPERATING HANDLE, PADLOCKING ELEKTRIK

AND DOOR INTERLOCKING FACILITIES

11.5
PERKAKAS SUIS
 Circuit Breaker
ACB (Air Circuit Breaker)
 Jenis withdrawal, flush mounted, horizontal
drawout.
 Saiz di pasaran dari 200A hingga 6000A.
 Digunakan bagi beban maksima > 600A.
PERKAKAS SUIS
 Fuse Switch/Switch Fuse (F/S & S/F)
 Jenis SPN atau TPN.

 Perlu dilengkapi dengan fius HRC yang boleh

ditarik keluar.
 S/F – kadaran arus 20A, 30A, 45A, 60A dan

150A/160A. (SPN atau TPN) – jika beban <60A/100A.

 F/S – kadaran arus 32A, 100A, 150A/160A, 300A,

400A dan 630A. – jika beban > 60A/100A.

PERKAKAS SUIS
 Change Over (C/O) Contactor
 Peralatan pensuisan jenis mechanical atau
electrical interlocked, double air break,
quick make and break.
 Electromagnetic type.
 Jenis 2P atau 4P.
 Normally open/close.
PERKAKAS SUIS
 Isolator
 Switch Disconnectors.
 Mechanical switching device
 Break on Load, not on Fault.
 Jenis DP dan TP&N.
 Operasi berterusan pada keupayaan arus penuh
tanpa faktor de-rating.
 Digunakan untuk motor atau punca mekanikal.
 Saiz di pasaran dari 16A hingga 125A.
 Jenis Metalclad (LS1).
PERKAKAS SUIS

 Busbar/Kabel
 Saiz diambilkira supaya dapat menampung
‘electrodynamic forces’ dan ‘thermal stress’.
 Current Density : 1.5 A/m² (busbar).
 Saiz horizontal/vertical & main/neutral
busbar adalah sama.
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

6.4
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

CROSSSECTIONAL AREA OF CONDUIT –

CABLE NOT EXCEED 40%

60%

40%

20.5
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

CROSSSECTIONAL AREA OF TRUNKING –

CABLE NOT EXCEED 45%

55%

45%

20.5
KOMPONEN PERLINDUNGAN

 Fungsi :

 Perlindungan Beban Lebih @ Arus Lebih

(O/L @ O/C)
 Perlindungan Rosak atau Bocor Ke Bumi
(E/F)
KOMPONEN PERLINDUNGAN

 Induction Relay (IDMT Type) (O/C & E/F) –

circuit breaker ACB
 ELR (E/F) – circuit breaker MCCB
 Electronic Relay (O/C & E/F) – circuit breaker ACB
 Microprocessor Based Relay (O/C & E/F) – circuit
breaker ACB
KOMPONEN PERLINDUNGAN
 RCCB (Residual Current Operated Circuit
Breaker) - (kendalian arus).
 Perlindungan E/F dan kejutan elektrik.
 Perlulah jenis 2P atau 4P.
 Kepekaan RCCB ialah 30 mA & 100 mA (bagi
soket dan lampu DB 1Ø dan 100mA (bagi DB 3Ø)
 Kadaran RCCB biasa digunakan ialah
40A/43A(2P), 60A/63A(2P & 4P), 100A (4P).
 Jika dilengkapkan dengan ‘integral overcurrent
protection’ (RCBO)- Type B (class 3) dengan
breaking capacity > 6kA – dipasang pada DB.
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKERS (RCCB)

CURRENT RATING &

SENSITIVITY

TYPE AC WITH
THE SYMBOL

IEC 61008-2-1
WITH “SYMBOL”

13.0
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

RCBO

13.0
KOMPONEN PERLINDUNGAN
Induction Relay :
 IDMT (Inverse Definite Minimum Time)
 Perlindungan arus lebih dan bocor ke bumi
(O/C & E/F).
 7 step current setting.
 Boleh dilaras Time Multiplier iaitu dari
0.1 ke 1.0 sec.
 Digunakan sekiranya ada diskriminasi pada incoming
dan jika MSB/SSB > 600 A.
 JKR
ELEKTRIK

IDMT

14.2,14.3
KOMPONEN PERLINDUNGAN
 ELR (Earth Leakage Relay)
 Jenis fixed sensitivity instantaneous trip.
 Atau jenis adjustable sensitivity 30mA,
100mA, 300mA, 500mA, 1000mA &
3000mA.
 Dan ‘time delay sensitivity range’ 0-1.0 sec.
 Jenis ‘separate’ atau ‘built-in’ ZCT.
 Digunakan e.g. beban > 100A.
 JKR

EARTH LEAKAGE RELAY

ELEKTRIK

ADJUSTABLE
SENSITIVITY
ADJUSTABLE
TIME DELAY LED INDICATOR

TEST BUTTON

14.4,14.5,14.6
KOMPONEN PERLINDUNGAN
 MICROPROCESSOR BASED RELAY
 Gabungan perlindungan O/C & E/F dengan
definite time & inverse time characteristic.
e.g. SPAJ 140C(ABB)/MIKRO
 Digunakan sekiranya MSB > 600 A/800A.
 3 Ø O/C & E/F.
 Numerical digital readout.
 Tiada setting limitation.
 Bila Perlu Komponen
Perlindungan Dipasang?
Kedudukan MSB/SSB/DB MSB/SSB/DB
Litar (Di Bangunan (Di Bangunan
Sama) Berasingan)
1. Incoming MSB _/ _/

2. Outgoing MSB _/ _/

3. Incoming SSB X _/

4. Outgoing SSB Bagi Beban Bagi Beban

Mekanikal shj. Mekanikal shj.
 Gambarajah Pemasangan
Komponen Perlindungan
L S

Mek. Mek.
DB
SSB
Blok B
SSB
Tkt 1
Tkt 1

MSB ‘B’

MSB ‘A’ Tkt Bawah Blok B

Tkt Bawah Blok A Komponen Perlindungan

 Panduan Penggunaan Komponen
Perlindungan
Nilai Beban, B Circuit Komponen
(MD) Breaker Perlindungan
1. B < 100 A MCCB RCCB/RCD
(100mA/30mA)

2. 100 A <B< 250A MCCB ELR (separate CT)

3. 250A <B< 600A MCCB Built-in ELR

4. B > 600A ACB O/C & IDMT,
Electronic Based,
Microprocessor
Based Relay
SEKIAN.
 TERIMA KASIH
 JENIS PAPAN SUIS
TYPE : FROM 1

MAIN CRITERIA SUBCRITERIA FORM

NO SEPARATION FORM
1
 SYMBOLS

Busbar

Functional unit(s) including

Enclosure Internal separation Terminals for associated
External conductors

FORM 1
No internal separation
 JENIS PAPAN SUIS
TYPE : FORM 2
MAIN CRITERIA SUBCRITERIA FORM

TERMINALS FOR
EXTERNAL CONDUCTORS FORM
SEPARATION OF
NOT SEPARATED FROM 2a
BUSBARS FROM BUSBARS
THE FUNTIONAL TERMINALS FOR
UNIT FORM
EXTERNAL CONDUCTORS 2b
SEPARATED FROM
BUSBARS
 SYMBOLS

Busbar

Enclosure Functional unit(s) including

Internal separation Terminals for associated
External conductors
FORM 2
Separation of busbars from functional units
FORM 2a FORM 2b
Terminals not separated from busbars Terminals separated from busbars
 JENIS PAPAN SUIS
TYPE : FORM 3
MAIN CRITERIA SUBCRITERIA FORM
SEPARATION OF TERMINALS FOR
BUSBARS FROM THE EXTERNAL CONDUCTORS FORM
FUNTIONAL UNITS AND 3a
SEPARATION OF ALL
NOT SEPARATED FROM
FUNCTION UNITS BUSBARS
FROM ONE ANOTHER.
SEPARATION OF THE
TERMINALS FOR TERMINALS FOR FORM
EXTERNAL EXTERNAL CONDUCTORS 3b
CONDUCTORS FROM SEPARATED FROM
THE FUNCTIONAL BUSBARS
UNITS, BUT NOT FROM
EACH OTHER.
 FORM 3
Separation of busbars from the functional units
+
Separation of functional units from one another
+
Separation of terminals from functional units
FORM 3a FORM 3b
Terminals not separated from busbars Terminals separated from busbars
 JENIS PAPAN SUIS
TYPE : FORM 4
MAIN CRITERIA SUBCRITERIA FORM

SEPARATION OF TERMINALS FOR EXTERNAL

BUSBARS FROM THE CONDUCTORS IN THE SAME
FORM
FUNTIONAL UNITS AND COMPARTMENT AS THE
ASSOCIATED FUNCTIONAL UNIT 4a
SEPARATION OF ALL
FUNCTIONAL UNITS
FROM ONE ANOTHER, TERMINALS FOR EXTERNAL
CONDUCTORS NOT IN THE SAME FORM
INCLUDING THE
TERMINALS FOR
COMPARTMENT AS THE 4b
ASSOCIATED FUNCTIONAL UNIT,
EXTERNAL CONDUCTORS BUT IN INDIVIDUAL, SEPARATE,
WHICH ARE AN ENCLOSED PROTECTED SPACES
INTEGRAL PART OF THE OR COMPARTMENT
FUNCTIONAL UNIT.
 FORM 4
Separation of busbars from the functional units
+
Separation of functional units from one
another
+
Separation of terminals from functional units
FORM 4a FORM 4b
Terminals in same compartment Terminals not in same compartment
as associated functional unit as associated functional unit