DENTAL CONSIDERATIONS IN ANEMIA

WHAT IS ANEMIA?

NORMAL ANEMIA
 SYMPTOMS

Hypoxia
 Fatigue SIGNS Pallor

Brittle nails Glossitis

 CLASSIFICATION
MORPHOLOGICAL
Normocytic normochromic Normocytic hypochromic

Macrocytic hypochromic Microcytic hypochromic

 CLASSIFICATION
ETIOLOGICAL

Nutritional deficiency Hemolysis

Chronic diseases
Blood loss Aplasia of bone marrow
 INVESTIGATIONS
MEN WOMEN
Haemoglobin (g/dl) 14-17.4 12.3-15.3
Haematocrit(%) 42-50 36-44
RBC Count(10^6/mm3) 4.5-5.9 4.1-5.1
Reticulocytes 1.6+-0.5% 1.4+-0.5
MCV(fL) 80-96 80-96
MCH(pg/RBC) 30.4+-2.8 30.4+-2.8
MCHC(g/dL of RBC) 34.4+-1.1 34.4+-1.1
 IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

Excess loss
Insufficient dietary intake Improper absorption
Ferritin
 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Angular cheilitis Atrophic glossitis Mucosal pallor Candidiasis

Mucositis Ulcers Burning mouth

PLUMMER VINSON SYNDROME
Iron deficiency anemia
MACROCYTIC ANEMIA
Ataxia

Red beefy tongue

Unsteady gait

Altered taste

Clumsiness

Burning mouth
Peripheral neuropathy
INVESTIGATIONS
 BLOOD LOSS ANEMIA
ACUTE CHRONIC
• Tachycardia Associated with
• Pallor chronic diseases like
• Bounding or weak • Autoimmune
pulse conditions
• Hypotension • Kidney diseases,
• heart failure,
• cancer
• Liver disease
• Infections
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
THALASSEMIA
 SYMPTOMS

Jaundice Shortness of breath

Chipmunk facies Fatigue
 RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS
• Class 2 skeletal base
• Short mandible
• Chipmunk facies
• Spiky shaped roots
• Taurodontism
• Attenuated lamina dura
• Absence of inferior alveolar canal
• Thin cortex of mandible
• Small maxillary sinuses
• Enlarged bone marrow spaces
• Narrow arches
• Thickened diploe
• Trabeculae arranged perpendicularly (hair
on end appearance)
HAEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
 MEN WOMEN
Haemoglobin (g/dl) 14-17.4 12.3-15.3
Haematocrit(%) 42-50 36-44
RBC Count(10^6/mm3) 4.5-5.9 4.1-5.1
Reticulocytes 1.6+-0.5% 1.4+-0.5
MCV(fL) 80-96 80-96
MCH(pg/RBC) 30.4+-2.8 MEN 30.4+-2.8
MCHC(g/dL of RBC) 34.4+-1.1 34.4+-1.1
APLASTIC ANEMIA

Pancytopenia