PATTERNS OF

DEVELOPMENT
 READING AND WRITING

Learning Competency Topic

WRITING
▸ Distinguishes between ▸ Patterns of Development
and among patterns of ▹ narration
▹ description
development in writing
▹ definition
across disciplines ▹ division/classification
▹ comparison and
contrast
▹ cause and effect
▹ problem –solution
▹ persuasion
 What pattern is used?
What pattern
is used?
Before the girls got to the porch, I heard their laughter crackling and
popping like pine logs in a cooking stove. I suppose my lifelong paranoia
was born in those cold, molasses-slow minutes. They came finally to stand
on the ground in front of Momma. At first they pretended seriousness. Then
one of them wrapped her right arm in the crook of her left, pushed out her
mouth and started to hum. I realized that she was aping my grandmother.

-Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings

4
NARRATI
▸Narrative is a story
▸Effective at drawing the reader in and
establishing your voice in the essay
ON
▸Sequential presentation of events
▸Contains verbs and adverbs
▸Use transitions
▸Contains a story component
 What pattern is used?
What pattern
isThe
used?dirt ofthe girls' cotton dresses continued on their legs, feet,
arms, and faces to make them all of a piece. Their greasy
uncolored hair hung down, uncombed, with a grim finality. I knelt to
see them better, to remember them for all time. The tears that had
slipped down my dress left unsurprising dark spots, and made the
front yard blurry and even more unreal. The world had taken a deep
breath and was having doubts about continuing to revolve.
-Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
6 It is not about what the
writer sees but what the
readers need to see in order
to imagine the scene, the
person or the object.
-(Grow,1990)
7
▸ Used when you elucidate the nature of
people, places and things
▸ Can start with physical description
DESCRIPTI ▸ There are 2 types of description:
ON 1. Subjective
- describing an impression of what is observed
- used in fiction
2. Objective
- the goal of the writer is to present an impartial and
actual picture of the object
- used in reportorial and scientific writing
 What pattern is used?

The viola is a stringed instrument in the violin family.

It is only slightly larger than the violin and is tuned at
a lower pitch. Like its smaller relative, the viola is
held on the shoulder under the chin and is played
with a bow. While the violin has many uses, the viola
is used mainly in orchestral and chamber music.
9
▸ It identifies the term and sets it apart
from all other terms
▸ Common methods of definition:
DEFINITIO
1. By characteristics or features
N
2. By function
3. By what it is not
4. By what it is similar to
5. By example
6. By each origins
7. By its effect
 What pattern is used?

The harpsichord and the piano are closely related. Both are keyboard
instruments, and both produce sound when jacks or hammers attached to keys
strike metal strings. The piano is a direct descendant of the harpsichord and
takes its shape from that instrument. In fact, many musical compositions
played on one can be adapted to the other. However, today the piano is the
more popular of the two instruments. It is capable of producing greater volume
and variety of tone, and it is more versatile than its predecessor. Pianos
provide accompaniment for vocalists both classical and popular, and they are
used in every instrumental group from the small dance band to the grandest
symphony orchestra.
11
▸ Comparison – exemplifies SIMILARITIES
▸ Contrast- exemplifies DIFFERENCES
SIGNAL WORDS
COMPARISON
AND
CONTRAST Comparison Contrast
 In the same way ▸ Yet
▸ Though
▸ And yet
 By the same token ▸ Otherwise
▸ Nevertheless
 Similarly ▸ On the contrary
▸ Nonetheless
▸ In contrast
 In like manner ▸ After all
▸ Notwithstandin
 Likewise ▸ But g
▸ However
 In similar fashion ▸ On the other
hand
 What pattern is used?

An avalanche is a huge snow slide that rushes down the side

of a mountain, carrying large trees, rocks, and other debris in
its path. Avalanches are similar to landslides but can be more
dangerous and destructive. Avalanches can occur when huge
amounts of new snow fall on layers of snow and ice that have
become unstable because of melting. They can also be
triggered by explosions or earthquakes.
13
▸ Useful in explaining why something happens
▸ Emphasizes the CAUSE it starts with an
effect
▸ Emphasizes the EFFECT it starts with a
CAUSE AND cause then explains the consequences of the
EFFECT effects of this cause
▸ Types of Organization
1. Single cause-single effect
2. Multiple causes with single effect
3. Single cause with multiple effects
4. Causal chain/ Domino Effect
 ▸ A discussion of the steps one must

14
PROCESS
take to achieve a particular end
▸ Some are intended to audience that
needs to learn how to perform a
ANALYSIS process themselves
▸ Used to teach someone to do
something
▸ Presented in chronological order
▸ Transitions used: First, Second,
Then, Finally, Next
15
DIVISION AND
DIVISION
▸ Divides a general
category of
CLASSIFICATION
▸ Develops criteria
for the items in
CLASSIFICATI things into subcategory
ON
smaller based on
subcategories relationships
between items
16
PROBLE
▸ Most commonly used paragraph
patterns
▸ The writer presents the problem and
some facts or reasons why it is a
M- problem
SOLUTIO ▸ Readers look for a solution for the
N problem
17
▸ To persuade is to convince someone that
your opinion on a subject in the right one
▸ Methods of persuasion:
1. Using facts
PERSUASIO
2. Referring to an authority who can give impartial and
N unbiased information
3. Predicting the consequence
4. Answering oppositions

Signal Words:
First (Second, Third), Another, Next, Last, Finally,
Because, Since, For, Although
 Signal Words:
18
PERSUASIO
1. When you give reasons-
First (Second, Third), Another, Next, Last, Finally,
N
Because, Since, For, Although
2. In answering oppositions-
Of course, nevertheless, on the other hand, some
may say
3. When you want to draw conclusions
Therefore, Hence, Consequently, Thus
THANKS
for
LISTENIN
20
21
WANT BIG
IMPACT?
USE BIG
IMAGE
22 HELLO
I am Jayden Smith

!
I am here because I love to give
presentations.
You can find me at @username
23
A PICTURE IS
A complex idea
can be conveyed
with just a single
still image,
WORTH A
THOUSAND namely making it
WORDS possible to
absorb large
amounts of data
quickly.
24
ANDROID
PROJECT
Show and explain your web, Place your screenshot here

app or software projects

using these gadget
templates.
25
iPHONE
PROJECT
Show and explain your web, Place your screenshot
here
app or software projects
using these gadget
templates.
26
TABLET
PROJECT
Show and explain your web, Place your screenshot here
app or software projects
using these gadget
templates.
27
DESKTOP
PROJECT Place your screenshot here

Show and explain your web,

app or software projects
using these gadget
templates.
 Special thanks to all the people who

28
CREDITS
made and released these awesome
resources for free:

▸ Presentation template by
SlidesCarnival
▸ Photographs by Unsplash
29
This presentation uses the following typographies:
▸ Titles: Montserrat
▸ Body copy: Roboto

PRESENTATION You can download the fonts on these pages:

DESIGN https://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/montserrat
https://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/roboto

Light blue #6fa8dc / Medium blue #3d85c6 / Dark blue #073763

You don’t need to keep this slide in your presentation. It’s only here to serve you as a design
guide if you need to create new slides or download the fonts to edit the presentation in
PowerPoint®
30
SlidesCarnival icons are editable shapes.

This means that you can:

● Resize them without losing quality.
● Change line color, width and style.

Isn’t that nice? :)

Examples:
31 � Now you can use any emoji as an icon!
And of course it resizes without losing quality and you can
change the color.

�
How? Follow Google instructions
https://twitter.com/googledocs/status/730087240156643328

✋👆👉👍👤👦👧👨👩👪💃🏃💑❤😂😉
😋😒😭😸💣
👶😸 🐟🍒🍔💣 📌📖🔨🎃🎈🎨🏈
🏰🌏🔌🔑 and many more...