Internal Combustion

Engines

Power & Energy 3201

 Types of motion

 Four Stroke Cycle Engines

Internal Combustion Engine

 Internal combustion heat engines

 Are a category of engines that burn fuel internally
to produce power.
Types of Motion

 Internal combustion engines produces

mechanical motion in one of three ways:
1. Reciprocating
 Back and forth motion. Ex: Piston engines
2. Rotary
 Turning motion. Ex: Turbines and rotary engines
3. Linear
 Motion in a straight line. Ex: Jet/Rockets
Gasoline Piston Engines
 There are two types of gasoline piston
engines:
1. Four Stroke Cycle
2. Two Stroke Cycle
Gasoline Piston Engines

 Stroke – the movement of the piston from the


top of the cylinder to the bottom.

 Cycle – A complete set of piston movements


that are needed to produce a power stroke.
Gasoline Piston Engines

 Both operate with a piston moving up and

down in a cylinder.

 The difference is in the number of strokes

each piston makes per engine cycle.
Four Stroke Gasoline Engines

 In four stroke engines there are four separate

piston strokes:
1. Intake
2. Compression
3. Power
4. Exhaust

http://www.pearltrees.com/pash7083/four-stroke-cycle/id9404377
 Four Stroke Principles of Operation
 Intake stroke
 The intake valve opens.
 The piston moves down
the cylinder creating
a partial vacuum.
 A mixture of air and fuel
is sucked into the cylinder
through the intake valve.
 Four Stroke Principles of Operation
 Compression stroke
 When the piston reaches BDC,
both valves are closed.
 This seals the cylinder and
prevents the air-fuel mixture
from escaping.
 The piston begins to move up
the cylinder and compresses
the mixture.
Four Stroke Principles of Operation

 Power stroke
 The piston rises until it reaches TDC.
 At that moment a high voltage spark is created by
the spark plug.
 Four Stroke Principles of Operation
 Power stroke
 This spark causes the compressed
air-fuel mixture to ignite and burn
rapidly.
 The force of this contained
explosion forces the piston down in
the cylinder producing power.
Four Stroke Principles of Operation

 Exhaust stroke
 As the piston nears BDC the exhaust valve
opens.
 As the piston rises back up, it pushes the burned
gases out of the exhaust valve.
 Four Stroke Principles of Operation
 Exhaust stroke
 Once the exhaust stroke is
completed, the four strokes of
operation begin all over
again.
Four Stroke Principles of Operation

 Four stroke Video

 Four stroke engine basics