Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

• The basic principles for analysis of Prestressed members are similar to those of any
flexural member.

• Additional stresses by tendons.

• Two types of problems: Analysis and design

• Analysis problems: Stresses and deformations.

• Design problems : Proportioning of the member is done

 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

• Objectives

• Conceptualize the effect of pre-stresses

• Resultant stresses in concrete and steel at a section

• To know how pre-stresses balance the loads applied to concrete members.

 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

ANALYSIS OF PRESRESS

In pre-stressed structural elements, stretched tendons are placed inside concrete.

The tensile stresses of the tendons are transferred to concrete through end anchorages in
the case of post-tensioned elements.

These forces are generally axially transferred in concrete as shown in Figure 1.

Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

Figure 1 : Concentric Prestressing

 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

Analysis and approximate design of determinate beams

ANALYSIS OF PRESRESS
The compressive stress uniformly imparted to the element due to the pre-stressing force P
may be written as:
P/A, (the cross-sectional area of the structural element is A)

Stress due to Self weight and live load = (ML)y/I

Where ML, is the bending moment, due to self load and external loads on the beam, I is
second moment of area of the beam section.
 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

ANALYSIS OF PRESRESS

• Resultant stresses for this case of concentric pre-stressing in a beam element.

f = (P/A) ± (ML)y/I (1)

Plus sign in Eq. (1) shall be used for those fibres which are subjected to compressive
stresses and negative sign for the fibres under tensile stresses due to external load
moments.

Concentric prestressing may increase of compressive stresses at the top side of beam
 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

Eccentric prestressing:
Centroidal Axis

Figure 2 : Bending Moments Due to Eccentric Prestressing

An additional bending moment due to pre-stress (Mp = P . e) at a section, as shown in Figure 2

 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

ANALYSIS OF PRESRESS
In the case of Figure 2, Mp would compress the bottom fibres of the beam.

The effect of ML is shown in Figure 3.

The resultant stresses at a section in that case is,

f = (P/A) ± (ML)y/I ± (Mp)y/I (2)

Where Mp is bending moment due to prestress.

 Prestressed Concrete-Determinate beams

Centroidal Axis

Figure 3 Bending Moments Due to External Loading