QUESTION NO 1

Muzharul Islam (1923-2012) is widely acclaimed as the most influential architect

of Bangladesh.He is considered as the grand master of regional modernism in
south Asia . He is the pioneer Of modern architecture in Bangladesh and the
father of bangali modernism. His pioneering work from the 1950s onwards not
only signalled the advent of Modernism in the then East Pakistan, but almost
introduced a fresh culture of architecture in the name of contemporary style.

Teacher, Architect Activist, and Politician, Islam set to course architectural

practice in the country not only through his own many varied works, but
contributing to the architectural education in the country During his graduation
he worked under paul Rudolf and came in touch with architect Luis I kahn. He
was Very much influenced by kahn in his work .
If we see some of his works like Fine arts building Dhaka university , Jahangir-
nagar university master plan & design, National public library etc. we can see his
philosophy through his work . Perhaps today, in remembering architect
Muzharul Islam, the one thing that stands out the most, is his tremendous sense
of duty, since that is what we see lacking in most of the work that populates our
cities. We today in our euphoria to build “attractive buildings have succumbed
to the lure of the image the façade the form, without seriously thinking about
what is the purpose of our architecture and to what great end are we heading
to with our work. Muzharul Islam never said “I wanted” in describing his work,
he always said “what should be done”. This position is a total shift from the
inflated “architect ego” that we are so fond of projecting. To me this seems like
the fundamental core from which his profound thoughts on architecture stems
from, a sense of duty and an architectural value system, that is uncompromised
by any pressure or self propagation. Today most architects are attracted to the
idea of “fame” rather than responsibility.
His work and life is not only a legacy for Bangladesh but a well of knowledge of
direction to the Architects of the region. His contribution to architecture, the
education of architecture, and the directions in how architects can and should
contribute to change society and environment, makes him the most revered
Architectural “Guru” of the region.
QUESTION N0 6 :

“The ultimate goal of all art is the building!”, Walter Gropius made his point
right from the start of the Bauhaus Manifesto. Art is not just profession, he
claimed. Therefore, architects, sculptors, and painters must return to the
work of craft. In other words, artist and artisan are the same. Rear are the
moments of illumination beyond man’s will that may allow creation to
blossom from the handmade work to the work of art.
That is why he wanted to recreate craftsmanship and erase the artificial
barrier between ‘noble’ artists and ‘working’ craftsmen. For the aim of
future building, he claimed that every art discipline should unite as one.

That is exactly what he was doing with Bauhaus. It was an ambitious

program aimed at freeing the art world of its own isolation. Eventually, it
became one of the most influential art movements in the history of art.

„The ultimate goal of all visual artistic activity is construction! Architects,

painters and sculptors must learn again to know and understand the multi-
faceted form of building in its entirety as well as its parts. Only then will they
of their own accord fill their works with the architectonic spirit they have
lost in the art of the salon. Let us establish a new guild of craftsmen without
the presumption of class distinctions building a wall of arrogance between
craftsmen and artists. Together let us call for, devise and create the
construction of the future, comprising everything in one form: architecture,
sculpture and painting.“..................... Walter Gropius

We all can imagine that , al kinds off artistic movement or works come to
an end when it is decorated in the buildings . Pintings , craftmanship ,
sculpture everything has to be build . crafts man have to construct those
crafts and finally it enhances the beauty of buildings or architecture .
QUESTION NO 7 :

Oscar Niemeyer is one of the greatest modern architect of all time. He

was famous for his beautiful architecture, which not only soothens our
eyes with architetural beauty, but also has the best functionall
interpretation.

Niemeyer's thirst for free, organic and natural forms lead him towards
the playful use of concrete. By making sculptural look, he began to
explore its aesthetic potentiality and soothing impact on eyes. He
transform the optimistic expactations of his nation into steel, gas and
concrete. He is the best known for designing the "Federal capital
building" of brasil. His work focused on the grand and monumental
look of the buildings.

Through his journey he broke the impact of neoclassical architecture

to donate power and demonstrated how to use curves and bold
geometric forms.

"I'm not attracted to straight angles or to the srtaight lines, hard and
flexible, created my man ", he said ,........ " I am attracted by the free
flow of sensual curves. The curves that I find in the mountains of my
country, in the band of the rivers, in the wave of the ocean, and on the
body of the beloved womed "............ Oscar Niemeyer.

It is the aesthetic sense of fun and delight that, we live on in the

buildings of Oscar Neimeyer. He brought a much needed injection of
passion and emotion to the monotonous world of modernism, and
outlook that lifted the spirits to make him one of the of all time. He is
truly the man of legends, with the best sense of aesthetic beauty and
functional interpretations.