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Understanding Osteoporosis: Causes and Treatment

Osteoporosis is a disease where bones become brittle and weak, causing them to break easily. It is caused by low bone density due to lack of calcium and other minerals in bones. Common symptoms include back pain, loss of height, and fractures of bones like the vertebrae, wrists and hips. Risk factors include older age, female sex, small frame size, family history, and certain medical conditions or medications that can cause bone loss. It is diagnosed through tests like DXA scans that measure bone mineral density. Treatments include medications, hormone therapy, calcium and vitamin D supplements, and physical therapy.

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185 views12 pages

Understanding Osteoporosis: Causes and Treatment

Osteoporosis is a disease where bones become brittle and weak, causing them to break easily. It is caused by low bone density due to lack of calcium and other minerals in bones. Common symptoms include back pain, loss of height, and fractures of bones like the vertebrae, wrists and hips. Risk factors include older age, female sex, small frame size, family history, and certain medical conditions or medications that can cause bone loss. It is diagnosed through tests like DXA scans that measure bone mineral density. Treatments include medications, hormone therapy, calcium and vitamin D supplements, and physical therapy.

Uploaded by

amish raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction
  • Symptoms
  • Causes
  • What Keeps Bone Healthy?
  • Risk Factors
  • Threatening Disorders
  • Tests and Diagnosis
  • Complications
  • Treatments and Drugs

OSTEOPOROSIS

PRESENTED BY:-DEVASHISH KUMAR


ROLL NO:-27701913031
[Link](4th year,7th sem)
NSHM KNOWLEDGE CAMPUS,KOLKATA
INTRODUCTION
 Osteoporosis means “porous bones”, causes bones to become
weak and brittle- so brittle that even mild stresses like bending
over ,lifting a vacuum cleaner or coughing can cause a
fracture.
 In most cases , bones weakens when low levels of calcium ,
phosphorous and other minerals in the bones and results as low
bone density.
 Although its often thought of as a women’s disease ,
osteoporosis also affects many men .
SYMPTOMS
 Back pain , which can be severe if fractured or collapsed
vertebra.
 Loss of height over time , with an accompanying stooped
posture.
 Fracture of the vertebrae , wrists , hips or other bones.
CAUSES
 The strength of bone depends on their size and density :
bone density depends in part on the amount of calcium ,
phosphorous and other minerals bones contains.
 When the bones contains fewer minerals than normal ,
they are less strong and eventually lose their internal
supporting structure.
WHAT KEEPS BONE HEALTHY?
 Regular exercise.
 Adequate amount of calcium

 Adequate amount of vitamin D , which is very


essential for absorbing calcium.
RISK FACTORS:-
SEX:- Fractures from osteoporosis are about twice more in women than in
men . Risk in women at menopause(45yrs) that accelerates bone loss. Risk
in men is greater than age 75
AGE:-The older, The higher risk of osteoporosis . Bones become weaker as
ages.
RACE:-Greatest risk – White or of South-East Asian descent . Black men and
women have less risk.
FAMILY HISTORY:-Osteoporosis runs in families.
Parent or siblings with osteoporosis puts at greater risk , especially if
having a family history of fractures.

FRAME SIZE :- Men and women who are exceptionally thin or have small
body frames tend to have higher risk because they may have less bone mass
to draw from as they age.

LIFETIME EXPOSURE TO ESTROGEN:-The greater a woman’s lifetime


exposure to estrogen , the lower her risk of osteoporosis
THREATNING DISORDERS:-Women and Men with anorexia nervosa or
bulimia are at higher risk of lower bone density in their lower backs and
hips.
THYROID HORMONE :-Too much of thyroid hormone can cause bone
loss.

OTHER MEDICATIONS :- Long term use of the blood thinning


medication, the cancer treatment drug , some anti-seizure medications and
aluminum containing antacids also can cause bone loss.
TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS
 Osteopenia refers to mild bone loss that isn’t severe
enough to be called osteoporosis , but that increases
the risk of osteoporosis.
 Ultrasound

 Quantitative CT scanning

 The best screening test is dual energy X-ray


absorptiometry (DEXA)- measures the density of
bone in the spine, wrist , hip , and is used to
accurately follow changes in these bones over time .
COMPLICATIONS:-
 Fractures are most frequent and serious
complications of osteoporosis.
 Often occurs in spine and hips – bones that directly
support your weight.
 Hip fractures and wrist fractures from fall are
common.
 Compression fractures can cause severe pain and
require a long recovery
TREATMENTS AND DRUGS
 Hormone therapy (HT)

 Prescription Medications:- Bisphosphonates, selective


estrogen receptor modulators (SERM’S) , Calcitonin

 Emerging therapies:-New physical therapy program


combines the use of a device called a spinal weighted
kypho-orthosis (wko) , a harness with a light weight
attached and a specific back extension exercises.
REFERENCES:-
 [Link]
 [Link]

 [Link]

 [Link]

 [Link]

OSTEOPOROSIS OSTEOPOROSIS PRESENTED BY:-DEVASHISH KUMAR ROLL NO:-27701913031 B.PHARM(4th year,7th sem) NSHM KNOWLEDGE CAMPUS,
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis means “porous bones”, causes bones to become weak and brittle- so brit
SYMPTOMS Back pain , which can be severe if fractured or collapsed vertebra. Loss of height over time , with an accompanyi
CAUSES The strength of bone depends on their size and density : bone density depends in part on the amount of calcium , ph
WHAT KEEPS BONE HEALTHY? Regular exercise. Adequate amount of calcium Adequate amount of vitamin D , which is very essent
RISK FACTORS:- SEX:- Fractures from osteoporosis are about twice more in women than in men . Risk in women at menopause(45yr
THREATNING DISORDERS:-Women and Men with anorexia nervosa or bulimia are at higher risk of lower bone density in their lower
TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS Osteopenia refers to mild bone loss that isn’t severe enough to be called osteoporosis , but that incre
COMPLICATIONS:- Fractures are most frequent and serious complications of osteoporosis. Often occurs in spine and hips – bo
TREATMENTS AND DRUGS Hormone therapy (HT) Prescription Medications:- Bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulato

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