COPYRIGHT

A copyright is a set of exclusive rights given to an original author to regulate the use of a
particular expression of ideas. These rights gives the owner of the copyright the exclusive
right to make copies of the work, distribute copies of the work to the public, prepare
derivative works, perform the work publicly, and display the work publicly.

Example of what we can protect : Literary Works, Audiovisual Works and Derivative Works
 COPYRIGHT CONT…..
• There are three basic requirements that a work must meet to be protected by
copyright.
• Original: To be original, a work must merely be independently created. In
other words, it cannot be copied from something else.
• Creative: To satisfy the creativity requirement a work need only demonstrate a
very small amount of creativity.
• Fixed: To meet the fixation requirement, a work must be fixed in a tangible
medium of expression.
 DIGITAL RIGHT
• Digital rights are those human rights and legal rights that allow individuals to
access, use, create, and publish digital media or to access and use computers,
other electronic devices, and telecommunications networks.
Why are digital rights important?
• Digital rights are crucial because they ensure the protection of citizens' digital
presence. People need to understand how technology is shaping our rights, for
good and for ill, and who it is who is seeking to employ and capture technology
for their benefit rather than yours.
What are our digital rights?
• The definition of digital rights and responsibilities is having the right and
freedom to use all types of digital technology while using the technology in an
acceptable and appropriate manner. As a user of digital technology, you also
have the right to privacy and the freedom of personal expression.
 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

• Intellectual property is a category of property that includes intangible

creations of the human intellect.
• There are four primary types of intellectual property (IP) that can be legally
protected: patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets.
• Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of
their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of
his/her creation for a certain period of time.
 PUBLIC DOMAIN

• public domain refers to creative materials that are not protected by

intellectual property laws such as copyright, trademark, or patent laws. The
public owns these works, not an individual author or artist. Anyone can use a
public domain work without obtaining permission, but no one can ever own it
What is considered in the public domain?
• From a legal perspective, the public domain is the space where no intellectual
property rights exist. This means that works in the public domain may be used
without any restrictions whatsoever. Works enter into the public domain in
different ways. Example, works whose copyrights have expired are in the
public domain and works can enter the public domain if authors put them there
before the copyright expires
 COPYRIGHT……….

Duration of copyright according to our Tanzania laws

Copyrights are regulated by the The Copyright and Neighboring Rights Act.5,The
Copyright Society of Tanzania (COSOTA) is an institution that administers the
registration of Copyrights.
The duration of copyright protection is the life of the author and fifty years after
his death. In case of the joint authorship, the duration of protection is the life of
the last surviving author and fifty years after his death.
 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY……
• Duration of intellectual property according to our Tanzania laws
Trademarks are governed by the Trade and Service Marks Act.13 In Tanzania
the registration of trademarks and patents are administered by the Business
Registration and Licensing Agency (BRELA).
Trademark
Registration of a trademark is for a period of seven years and may be renewed
for further periods of ten years in perpetuity.
Patents
Patents enjoy protection under the Patent (Registration) Act.17. The duration of
protection is 20 years for patent of invention and 7 years for utility models.
Base on types Utility patents period is of 20 , design patent has duration of 14
years and Plant patent can be granted to any one who invents or discovers and
reproduces a new variety of plant
 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY……
Copyrights
Copyrights are regulated by the The Copyright and Neighboring Rights Act.5,
The duration of copyright protection is the life of the author and fifty years
after his death. In case of the joint authorship, the duration of protection is the
life of the last surviving author and fifty years after his death.
Trade secrete
Economically valuable to your business, isn’t known to people outside your
business, and is subject to reasonable protection from disclosure.Protection
lasts as long as it remains a secret.
 ETHICS
• Ethics is the study of what it means to “do the right thing.” Ethical theory
assumes that people are rational and make free choices. In another way
ethics can be descried as moral principles that govern a person's behavior or
the conducting of an activity.
• The aim of ethics has been viewed in different ways: according to some, it is
the discernment of right from wrong actions to others, ethics separates that
which is morally good from what is morally bad alternatively, ethics purports
to devise the principles by means of which conducting a life worth to be
lived.
 ETHICS
• Multimedia the name itself indicates it’s a combination of multiple media
content, all the digital devices, electronic machines utilized this generation
and future generations mainly aims to focus on delivering high quality
multimedia content in their desired product. As the Quality of the products or
service is good, such organizations have huge reputation in society.
• examples of ethical dilemma examples include: Taking credit for others'
work. Offering a client a worse product for your own profit. Utilizing inside
knowledge for your own profit.
 ETHICS
• Health and Safety policy
This policy clearly describes about some sectors of multimedia industry such as
Film industry, news channels, discovery, cartoon which gives support and advice to
public.
• Accuracy
Misuse of technology by creating unrealistic media content and misguiding the
public and provoking them to unwanted emotions causes severe social issues which
have been identified in this research.
Privacy:
The primary aspect of multimedia industry is nothing but privacy, it always advised
to not interrupt with any individual life before telecasting multimedia content.
 ETHICS CONT…..
• Harm and offense
Some Television broadcaster and every civilian have right to produce righteous
content and information to public. By keeping kids and youth on mind unsuitable
content must be avoided.
• Copyright Issues:
A medium used for protecting rights of media creators from various illegal
technologist by providing proprietary ownership. These basic rights are already
formulated decades ago to protect individual copyright.
 ETHICS CONT…..
Ethical issue in multimedia Production
• Privacy
• Deception
To deceive is to cause one to believe what is not true or to give a false impression
• Ability/Access
• Fairness/Equality
Fairness is the ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonest,
and equality is the state or quality of being equal , correspondence in quantity,
degree, value, rank or ability .Fairness and equality play a role in the creation of
multimedia project and as such are ethical issue to consider hence the presentation
of product should be better quality ,development of multimedia the ethical issues
and awareness