Bacteria

What are Bacteria?

 Bacteria are unicellular
microorganisms
 They belong to the group of cells
known as prokaryotes
 They don’t have a true nucleus and
are less complex than eukaryotes
 And they have said to be the
creators of all life on earth
Classification of Bacteria
 Bacteria are mostly classified according to their shape
 There are three major shapes that bacteria are classified under;
1. Spherical shape- these bacteria are called cocci (singular coccus)
2. Rod shape- They are referred to as Bacilli (singular = Bacillus)
3. Spiral shape- Known as the spirila bacteria
Habitat
 Bacteria live only inhabits a place if it can tolerate the conditions in that
place.
 Bacteria can be found anywhere; from soil to the waters, air, wastes and
even ice and glaciers.
 Bacteria are divided into two groups when it comes to choosing a habitat;
1. Aerobic Bacteria- survive in the presence of oxygen
2. Anaerobic Bacteria- Survive in the absence of oxygen
Structure
 Capsule- This is the outer most layer of a
bacteria
 Cell wall- Gives bacteria its shape support
and protection and is made up of
peptidoglycan
 Plasma membrane- A selective permeable
structure that controls the movement of
substances in and out
 Cytoplasm-Houses every other organelles
including some of the bacteria's DNA
 Pili- an organelle that houses some of the
bacteria’s DNA, especially special types of
DNA.
 Flagellum- An appendage of the bacteria that
allows motility
 Ribosomes- Protein synthesizers for bacteria
cell.
Reference
 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/157973#structure