Indonesia- Diversity Unfolded

Location
History
Land
People
Food
 Location
• Indonesia is located on global map between
Australian and Asian continents mainland.
• Divides the Pacific and Indian ocean at
equator.
• With a total land area of 767,777 square miles
(1,919,443 sq. km),
• Its 190 million inhabitants are made up of 300
ethnic groups who speak an estimated 583
different languages and dialects.
• Largest archipelago and fifth most populated
nation in the world.
• Indonesia straddles the Equator and has a typical
equatorial climate. The east monsoon from June
to September brings dry weather, while the west
monsoon from December to March brings rain.
Occasional rain showers occur in between these
two seasons as a transitional period.
 History
• Indonesia's indigenous techniques and
ingredients merge with influences from India,
the Middle East, China and Europe. And then
there are the New World products brought by
Spanish and Portuguese traders long before the
Dutch colonized the islands.
• Invasions of Buddhists, Hindus, Arabs,
Chinese, Dutch and various others.
 Land
• 17508 islands of which 6000 are inhabited

• Indonesia consists of five main lands:

Java: Its the island where Indonesia's capital city lies,
is one of the country's richest, lushest and most
populated islands. It was on this island in the early
1800's that the Dutch East India Company established
themselves in Indonesia. By the early 20th century, the
Dutch had control over the entire country. Although
Indonesia is no longer controlled by the Dutch, a great
Dutch influence remains. Dutch food, architecture, and
all around culture is evident throughout Indonesia.
 Sumatra: It is one of Indonesia's most important islands in
just about every way: economically, politically and
strategically. Sumatra accounts for a full 25% of the
country's total land area.
 Sulawesi
 Kalimantan: Kalimantan is shared with Malaysia. Many
areas of the island are almost untouched by the Western
world. For the more rough and ready traveler, this is the
place to go, although tourist facilities are relatively
undeveloped and visitors are few.
 Irian Jaya: Irian Jaya occupies the western half of the
island of New Guinea. The island has been a part of
Indonesia politically since 1969 . Although it makes up
22% of Indonesia's total land area, only 1% of the country's
people live there. Irian Jaya is also the least visited and
most remote Indonesian province.
 People
• Indonesia consists of various ethnic groups: 45%
Javanese, 14% Sudanese, 7.5% Madurese,7.5%
coastal malays and 26% others.
• The various religions in Indonesia are:87%
Muslims, 6% Protestant, 3% Roman Catholic,
2% Hindus, 1% Buddhists and 1% others.
• Language spoken in the country is: Bahasa
Indonesia is the official language. There are many
dialects. English is the most widely spoke foreign
language.
 Food
• Indonesian food is heavily based on rice,
supplemented by vegetables, a little bit of fish
and once in a while, meat and eggs.
• The Javanese cuisine is probably the most
palatable to the general taste and usually
consists of vegetables, soybeans, beef and
chicken. The Sumatrans generally eat more
beef compared to other regions.
• West Sumatra is known for its Pandang
specialty restaurants found nationwide. Aside
from their hot and spicy food, these restaurants
are known for their unique style of service.
• Further to the east, seafood is featured in the
daily diet, either grilled or made into curries.
In Bali, Irian Jaya and the highlands of North
Sumatra and North Sulawesi, pork dishes are
specialties.
• As the population of Indonesia is
predominantly Moslem, pork is usually not
served except in Chinese restaurants, non-
Moslem regions and places serving
international cuisine.

• Most of ingredients found in Indonesia are

widely found in India also as the both are sub
tropical countries.
• Indonesian cuisine is known for its
combination of contrasting flavours and
textures, its influences having originated in all
corners of the world.

• There is a wide variety of tropical and

subtropical vegetables all year round. Some
fruits such as mangoes and watermelons are
seasonal, but most of the other fruits are
available throughout the year.
 Some the Famous dishes of
Indonesia
• Gado-Gado: Salad with peanut sauce

• Nasi Goreng: Fried rice

• Bakmi Goreng: Fried noodles

• Sate: Skewered grilled meat

• Ayam Goreng Ny Suharti: Javanese fried chicken
• Satay Ayam: Chicken Satay with Satay Sauce:
crunchy peanut sauce
• Rendang: favourite beef dish
• Kari Ikan: Fish Curry
• Semur Daging: Slices Of Beef In Soya Sauce
• Sambal: dip of tomato, onion, red chilli paste and
shrimp paste
• Each culinary art of foreign origin can be
distinguished in Indonesian cooking, yet each
is blended creatively with the islands' own
cooking secrets.
• Each province or area has its own cuisine,
which varies in the method of cooking and the
ingredients used.
 Basic spices
• 1. Basic Spice Paste (Bumbu Dasar)

• 2.Beef Spice Paste (Bumbu Daging Sapi)

• 3.Chicken, Beef, Pork & Duck Broth

(KuahAyam, Sapi, Babi & Bebek)

• 4.Chicken Spice Paste (Bumbu Ayam)

• 5.Coconut Milk (Santan)

• 6.Seafood Spice Paste (Bumbu Laut)

• 7.Sweet Soy Sauce (Kecap Manis)

• 8.Vegetables Spice Paste (Bumbu Sayur)

 Appetizers
• 1.Corn Fritters (Perkedel Jagung)
• 2.Crispy Sweet Rolls (Kue Semprong)
• 3.Deep Fried Beef and Vegetables Wrap
(Martabak)
• 4.Family Table Pickle (Acar)
• 5.Fried Fermented Soybean Cakes (Tempe
Goreng)
• 6.Fried Soybean Curd (Tahu Goreng)
• 7.Peanut Chips (Rempeyek Kacang)
• 8.Potato Croquettes (Kroket Kentang)
• 9.Spicy Lobster (Udang Karang Bumbu Cabai)
• 10.Stemead Dumplings Bandung Style
(Siomay Bandung)
• 11.Sweet Stuffed Sticky Rice Roll (Lemper)
• 12.Vegetable Pickles with Turmeric (Acar
Kuning)
 Sauces
• 1.Bajak Chilli Sauce (Sambal Bajak)
• 2.Dried Shrimp Paste Chili Sauce (Sambal Terasi)
• 3.Peanut Sauce (Sambal Kacang)
• 4.Shallot & Lemongrass Chili Sauce (Sambal Matah)
• 5.Shallot Chilli Sauce (Sambal Bawang)
• 6.Soto Chilli Sauce (Sambal Soto)
• 7.Sweet Chilli Sauce (Sambal Kecap)
• 8.Sweet Soy Sauce (Kecap Manis)
 Soups
• 1.Coconut Milk in Chicken Broth with
Garnishes (Laksa)
• 2.Diced Beef in Black Sauce Soup (Rawon)
• 3.Fried Egg Noodles (Bakmi Goreng)
• 4.Indonesian Style Chicken Soup (Soto Ayam)
• 5.Lamb Curry (Gulai Kambing)
• 6.Oxtail Soup (Sop Buntut)

• 7.Vegetables Stew (Sayur Lodeh)

• 8.Yellow Squash Soup (Sayur Labu Kuning)

• 9.Zucchini Squash Soup (Sayur Gurih)

 Rice Dishes
• 1.Chicken Porridge (Bubur Ayam)
• 2.Fried Rice with Petai Beans (Nasi Goreng
Petai)
• 3.Indonesian Fried Rice (Nasi Goreng)
• 4.Lamb Rice (Nasi Kebuli)
• 5.Manado Porridge (Bubur Manado -
Tinotuan)
• 6.Pineapple Chicken Rice (Nasi Ayam Nanas)
• 7.Rice Cooked in Coconut Milk (Nasi Uduk)
• 8.Rice Rolls (Lontong)
• 9.Stuffed Rice Rolls (Arem-Arem)
• 10.Tripe Fried Rice (Nasi Goreng Babat)
• 11.Turmeric Rice (Nasi Kunyit)
• 12.Yellow Fragrant Rice (Nasi Kuning)
 Vegetarian dishes
• 1.Chayote Stew (Sayur Labu Siam)
• 2.Cooked Vegetables with Grated Coconut
(Urap)
• 3.Crispy Fried Tempe (Keripik  Tempe)
• 4.Curried Tempe (Tempe Gurih)
• 5.Fresh Salad with Peanut Sauce (Keredok)
• 6.Green Beans Stew (Gulai Buncis)
• 7.Mixed Vegetable Soup (Sayur Lodeh)
• 8.Mixed Vegetables with Peanut Sauce
Dressing (Gado-Gado)
• 9.Padang Vegetable Salad (Slada Padang)
• 10.Scrambled Corn and Assorted Vegetables
(Orak Arik Jagung)
• 11.Spicy Eggplant (Terong Belado)
• 12.Spicy Potato Crisps (Sambal Goreng
Kering Kentang)
• 13.Spicy Stir Fried Green Beans (Sambel Goreng
Buncis)
• 14.Steamed Mushroom Wraps (Pepes Jamur Kuping)
• 15.Stir Fried Mushroom (Oseng-Oseng Jamur)
• 16.Sweet Eggplant Stew (Semur Terong)
• 17.Tofu Omelette (Tahu Telor)
• 18.White Curry Jackfruit (Gudeg Putih)
• 19.Zucchini Squash Soup (Sayur Gurih)
 Meat dishes
• 1.Balinese Lamb (Kambing Mekuah)
• 2.Beef Brain Curry (Gulai Otak)
• 3.Beef Brain sauteed in Spiced Sauce (Semur
Otak)
• 4.Beef Spicy Stew (Gulai Lemak)
• 5.Beef Tripe Soup (Soto Babat)
• 6.Crispy Spicy Beef Slices (Dendeng Belado)
• 7.Dry Spiced Beef (Be Sampi Mesitsit)
• 8.Fried Beef Tripe (Babat Goreng)
• 9.Lamb Curry (Gulai Kambing)
• 10.Madura Island Style Soup (Soto Madura)
• 11.Ox Tongue in Sweet Nutmeg Sauce (Semur
Lidah)
• 12.Satay Padang Style (Sate Padang)
• 13.Spicy Coconut Beef (Rendang)
• 14.Stuffed Soybean Cake (Tahu Isi)
• 15.Sweet Fried Beef (Empal)
 Poultry Dishes
• 1.Barbecued Chicken in Sweet Soy Sauce
(Ayam Panggang Kecap)
• 2.Braised Chicken in Coconut Milk (Opor
Ayam)
• 3.Chicken Curry, Java Style (Kare Ayam)
• 4.Chicken in Aromatic Nut Sauce (Ayam
Panggang Klaten)
• 5.Chicken Leaves (Ayam Lapis)
• 6.Chicken Satay (Sate Ayam)
• 7.Galangal Fried Chicken (Ayam Goreng Lengkuas)
• 8.Grilled Chicken (Ayam Bakar)
• 9.Jakarta Fried Chicken (Ayam Goreng)
• 10.Javanese Style Chicken Soup (Soto Ayam)
• 11.Kalasan Fried Chicken (Ayam Kalasan)
• 12.Madonese Style Grilled Chicken (Ayam Rica-
Rica)
• 13.Mixed Spicy Chicken (Ayam Bumbu Rujak)
• 14.Padang Style Fried Chicken (Ayam Goreng
Padang)
• 15.Rice Rolls vegetables Combo (Lontong Cap
Gomeh)
• 16.Spicy Sweet Chicken Liver & Gizzard Sauté
(Sambal Goreng Ati Ampela)
• 17.Yellow Spice Fried Chicken (Ayam Panggang
Bumbu Kuning)
 Seafood dishes
• 1.Banana Leaf Roast Duck (Bebek Betutu)
• 2.Boiled Prawns (Udang Rebus)
• 3.Minced Seafood Satay (Sate Lilit)
• 4.Peanut and Tiny Seafish (Teri Kacang)
• 5.Prawns in Tamarind Sauce (Udang Garang
Asam)
• 6.Roasted Squid (Cumi Bakar)
• 7.Salted Fish Curry (Kotokan Jambal)
• 8.Shrimp and Beansprouts Fritters (Bakwan)
• 9.Shrimp in Spicy Nut Sauce (Pepes Udang)
• 10.Spicy Tuna Salad (Sambel Be Tongkol)
• 11.Steamed Fish in Hot Chili Sauce (Ikan
Kukus Bumbu Cabai)
• 12.Steamed Fish Roe (Pepes Telor Ikan)
• 13.Steamed Fish Wrap in Kemiri Nut Sauce
(Pepes Ikan Bumbu Kemiri)
• 14.Stuffed Milkfish (Otak-Otak Bandeng)
• 15.Tomato Sauce Fish (Ikan Bumbu Tomat)
 Desserts
• 1.Black Rice Pudding (Bubur Ketan Hitam)
• 2.Coconut Sweet Potato Cake (Getuk)
• 3.Crispy Sweet Striped Cookies (Kuping
Gajah)
• 4.Curry Puffs (Pastel Kari)
• 5.Fried Banana (Pisang Goreng)
• 6.Mixed Fruit Drink (Es Teler)
• 7.Mud Cakes (Kue Lumpur)
• 8.Multilayered Butter Cake (Lapis Legit)
• 9.Steamed Sponge Cake (Bolu Kukus)
• 10.Sticky Rice Cake in Brown Sugar Sauce (Biji Salak)
• 11.Sticky Rice Rolls served with Palm Sugar Syrup
(Lupis)
• 12.Stuffed Pancake Roll (Dadar Gulung)
• 13.Sweet Coconut Rice Balls (Klepon)
• 14.Sweet Thick Crepes (Martabak Manis/Terang Bulan)
Selamat tinggal

Complied by:
Sourov Bhowmick