DISASTER

MANAGEMENT
Plan, Resources, Drill

PRESENTED BY :-
 RIDDHI MEHTA
 s.Y. M.Sc. NURSING
 D-I-S-A-S-T-E-R


D: Detection
I: Incident Command
S: Safety & Security
A: Assess Hazards
S: Support
T:Triage & Treatment
E: Evacuation
R: Recovery
Disaster management
 Disaster management provides prompt and
effective medical care to the maximum possible
casualty in order to minimize morbidity and
mortality. With help of community and national
disaster plan, we have optimally prepared the staff
and institutional resources for effective
performance in disaster situation. Through
management make the community aware of the
sequential steps that should be taken at, individual
and organizational level.
AIMS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

 To save as many lives as possible by providing best

possible medical care under those circumstances.
 Prevent the disaster
 Minimize casualties
 Prevent further casualties
 Rescue the victims
 First aid
 Evacuate
 Medical care
 Reconstruction
 Disaster and Disaster Management
 Three phases of a disaster
◦Preparedness
◦Response
◦Recovery

All phases are

cyclic and continuous
Planning For Disaster Preparedness
 Identify Hazards
 Identify risks from hazards
 Gather Interest Groups
 Write the Plan
 Write procedures to implement the Plan
 Education of Plan, training
 Practice & Test Plan
Maps
 Local,Taluka, District, State level
 Hazard mapping- geographical,
 Population density
 Health facilities-Hosp, CHC, PHC
 Roads, Railway lines
 Other resource locations
Resource Mapping

 All Govt hospitals, CHCs, PHCs

 Grant-in-aid medical institutions
 Private hospitals & practitioners
 Blood banks
 Ambulances
 Medical stores
 NGOs with their areas of contribution
 HAM radio operators
Medical Relief in Disaster /
War
 Casualty Services
 Emergency Services
 Blood Transfusion Services
 Emergency Environment Health Measures
 Evacuation
 Medical Stores and Equipment
 Manpower Requirement
 Mass Casualty Care
Standard Protective Clothing
 Helmet
 Masks with filters, goggles
 Suites – Vests, Durable

Visible ( bright yellow)

Comfortable
Functional – pockets
 Gloves- heavy duty, latex
 Rubber boots
 Special situation suites
Who sounds ALERT
 Affected
community
 Police
 Fire brigade
 Health worker
 Hospital
 District

administration
 Media
Alert : METHANE Report
 M- Myself –name, position, major incident
 E – Exact location
 T – Type of incident
 H – Hazards – present & potential
 A – Access to scene & egress
 N – Number & severity of casualties
 E – Emergency services present &
required
Command & Control
 Central command & control – Addi. Director
(Health) assisted by Deputy Director (Epidemic)
(Nodal Officer)
 Regional Level Deputy Director control
 District level :CDMO & CDHO with senior liaison

officer from Commissionerate

 Medical Superintendent if Medical College
Safety

Self
Scene
Survivors
Communication

 Horizontal / Vertical
 To Medical units / non medical
Communication

 Phones – land lines, field phones

 Mobile, satellite phones
 Police wireless
 HSWAN, GSWAN, internet
 Wireless, radio
 Signaling, drum beating
 Tandem runners
Communication

 TV
 Newspapers
 Home to home
 Sirens
 Speaker vans
Desirable Media

 Cell phone & wireless linkages

between ambulances, police, fire &
hospital
 Pagers to track down medical &

paramedics
 GPS to track & monitor ambulance

location
Disaster and Disaster Management

Response
 Meeting immediate needs directly after the event
◦ Food, water, shelter, immediate health care
◦ “Disasters only last 3 days”
 After 3 days outside help should arrive
 Comfort & survival directly related to level of
preparedness
Response
Response
Disaster and Disaster Management

Recovery
 Putting things back to normal
◦ Most expensive phase
◦ May last for many YEARS
 Rebuilding structures
 Rebuilding “lives”
◦ Includes planning and changes to avoid next
one
TRIAGE
 Meaning of TRIAGE

Derived from a French

word

Means “to sort”

 TRIAGE
A Process of sorting injured people into groups
based on the need for immediate medical treatment

To
Decide Priority For Treatment Does not Suggest
Severity of Injury
TRIAGE
 PRIORITY

Priority - 1 Immediate

Priority - 2 Urgent

Priority - 3 Delayed
Four-color code system
1. Red – Priority 1
2. Yellow – Priority 2
3. Green – Priority 3
4. Black – Dead or
Moribund
Tagging or Labeling Systems

 All patients must be identified with tags stating

their name, age, sex, place of origin, triage
category, diagnosis, and initial treatment.

 Standardized tags must be chosen or designed in

advance as part of the state disaster plan and
supplied to all health facilities.

 Health personnel should be thoroughly familiar

with their proper use.
Triage Tags
 Many different versions
 Role of Tag
◦ Collect information on
scene
 Vital signs
 Injuries
 Name
 Treatment given
 Decontamination?
◦ Give reminders to
rescuers
 START triage
Disaster Drill
 The disaster drill is to test the hospital
preparedness and response to determine
whether response was effective and efficient.

 The disaster drill presents an opportunity for

the hospital to reach out the cold community
and to coordinate and cooperate with local
and state authorities in meeting community
needs.
Aim of disaster drill
 The aim of the drill should be:
 To train,
 To test performance and
 To demonstrate weakness that requires revision.
 Continue……

 There is little doubt that in the absence of a real

disaster, the only way to ascertain the level of
preparedness and success of response plan is to test
it.
 The system must be rehearsed until participant are as

familiar as possible with their role.

 Drill must be well organised whether announced or

unannounced. In the simple exercise the specific

procedures drill alerting, staff recall arrangement are
tested.
 Eventually a full scale disaster exercise can be

planned with realistic simulation or mock causalities.

Evaluation of disaster drill
 Evaluation of the drill is an essential requirement and
must be built in to disaster plan.
 Evaluation will be necessary both in training and

following any disaster with the continuous turn over

of hospital staff. It is essential that the knowledge of
any plan is tested and that the individual must
demonstrate knowledge of his role.
 Evaluation method could be internal committee or

external agency evaluation, Evaluation validate and

complements planning and helps arrive at a critical
assessment of the performance as under:
BENEFITS OF EVALUATION OF DISASTER
DRILL
 Whether the organisational methods provided in
the plan were carried out in a timely and proper
manner.
 Whether medical care in the disaster area was

adequate and efficient.

 Whether the evacuation to hospital proceeded

according to plan
 Whether intra hospital care was adequate, timely,

speedy.