ATTENTION FOR WEB SITES

 If you cannot access one of the links, the

information can be found at Digit History. Go to the
text book section. Scroll down to Westward
Expansion and read the sections on Texas
Revolution, Gold Rush, The Mexican War, and The
Pacific Northwest. Missouri Compromise is under
the Era of Good Feelings.
Additional information

 Additional information can be found on the PBS

web site “The West” . You may access this
information if the links in the power point do not
work . These movies are available on UEN if you
would like to download and watch segments.
 “Manifest Destiny”
 First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan
in 1845.
 ".... the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and
to possess the whole of the continent which Providence
has given us for the development of the great experiment of
liberty and federaltive development of self-government
entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the
space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of
its principle and destiny of growth."

 A myth of the West as a land of romance and

adventured emerged.
“American Progress” by John Gast, 1872
The Pony Express

 Between April, 1860 and Nov., 1861.

 Delivered news and mail between St.
Louis, MO and San Francisco, CA.
 Took 10 days.
 Replaced by the completion of the
trans-continental telegraph line.
 MISSOURI COMPROMISE
 Review the facts on the Missouri Compromise.
Skip the introduction on the Era of Good feelings
and the Panic of 1819 on this web page.

 http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_dis
play.cfm?HHID=574
JAMES TALLMADGE
 Proposed prohibiting
slavery in Missouri and the
gradual emancipation at
age 25 of the individuals
already enslaved.
Governor Boggs of Missouri
 Missourians, many slave holders, felt
threatened by a voting block of anti-slavery
Mormons. The escalating threats and
violence between the two groups was
known as the Mormon War of 1838.
 Governor Boggs issued Executive Order 44
stating, " open and avowed defiance of the
laws, and of having made war upon the
people of this State ... the Mormons must
be treated as enemies, and must be
exterminated or driven from the State if
necessary for the public peace—their
outrages are beyond all description."
 Thee days after the order a state militia
attack Mormons at Haun's Mill. Under this
threat, the Mormons crossed the Mississippi
into Illinois and eventually began a great
migration West.
 The order was not rescinded for nearly 138
years.
BORDER RUFFIANS IN MISSOURI
 The main objectives of the
Border Ruffian were the
overthrow and destruction of
free-state men and the
establishment of slavery in
Kansas. The ruffian border
bands delighted in raiding
towns, ransacking houses,
stealing horses, and doing
whatever they could that was
annoying, exciting and rough.
The Border Ruffians attacked
free soilers and hijacked the
elections in Kansas.
BORDER REFFIANS ATTACKING
LAWRENCE, KANSAS
Aroostook war in Maine

 Read a brief history of this war and summarize from

this site
 http://www.mainememory.net/sitebuilder/site/781/pa
ge/1190/display?use_mmn=
 Aroostook “War,” 1839
 The only war ever declared by a state.
 Between the Canadian region of New
Brunswick and the state of Maine.
 Cause: The expulsion of Canadian lumberjacks in the
disputed area of Aroostook by Maine officials.
 Congress called up 50,000 men and voted for
$10,000,000 to pay for the “war.”
 General Winfield Scott arranged a truce, and a
border commission was convened to resolve the issue.
Maine Boundary Settlement,
1842
War settled by
Webster Ashbuton
Treaty
The Blue line is the boundary
between Canada and
Maine today.
 The red line is the
proposed line by the U.S.
 The yellow line is the
proposed boundary by
Great Britain.
 The green line was the
maximum U.S. claim
 Texas war for Independence –
1835 to 1836
 Go to and write a brief summary of the Texas War
for Independence as outlined in your notes.

Ihttp://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_di
splay.cfm?HHID=312
 http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/
two/tejas.htm
 Key Figures in Texas
Independence, 1836

Sam Houston Steven Austin

(1793-1863) (1793-1836)
Remember the Alamo!
Davey Crockett’s Last Stand
 The Battle of the Alamo

General Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna Recaptures

the Alamo
The Republic of Texas
 The 1848 Presidential Election
Results
√
THE ELECTION OF 1844
 James Polk ran on a
Manifest Destiny
Platform
 His election was a
mandate to annex
Teas, acquire Oregon,
and he secured the
Mexican Cession
 He completed every
goal
NOTICE THE CHANGES IN U.S. DURING POLK’S PRESDIENCY
OREGON TERRIOTRY
 Read about the Oregon Territory and complete the
outline on your handout from the following website:

 http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_dis
play.cfm?HHID=315
 http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/
two/westwardfree.htm
The Oregon Trail – Albert
Bierstadt, 1869
Westward the Course of Empire
Emmanuel Leutze, 1860
 Overland Immigration to the
West

 Between 1840
and
1860, more
than
250,000 people
made the trek
westward.
Trails Westward
The Doomed Donner Party

April, 1846 – April,

1847
 The Doomed Donner Party

CANNIBALISM
!!
Margaret Patrick
John
Breen Breen
Breen
 Of the 83 members of the
Donner Party, only 45
James Reed & Wife survived to get to
California!
The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or
Fight!
 By the mid-
1840s,
“Oregon Fever”
was
spurred on by the
promise of free
 The
land.joint British-
U. S.
occupation ended
in
1846.
 MEXICAN WAR
 Use the following website to summarize information
on the Mexican War

 http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_dis
play.cfm?HHID=316
The Slidell Mission: Nov., 1845

 Mexican recognition of the Rio

Grande River as the TX-US
border.
 US would forgive American
citizens’
claims against the Mexican govt.
 US would purchase the New
Mexico
area for $5,000,000.
 US would California at any price.
John Slidell
 Wilmot Proviso, 1846
Provided, territory from that, as an
express and fundamental condition to
the acquisition of any the Republic of
Mexico by the United States, by virtue
of any treaty which may be negotiated
between them, and to the use by the
Executive of the moneys herein
appropriated, neither slavery nor
involuntary servitude shall ever exist
in any part of said territory, except for
crime, whereof the party shall first be
duly convicted. Congr. David
Wilmot
(D-PA)
The Mexican War (1846-1848)
General Zachary Taylor at
Palo Alto

“Old Rough and Ready”

The Bombardment of Vera
Cruz
General Scott Enters Mexico
City

“Old Fuss and Feathers”

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo,
1848

Nicholas Trist,
American Negotiator
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo,
1848
The Treaty was basically forced on
 Mexico!
Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio
Grande River.
 Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico.
 U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay
the claims of American citizens against Mexico
(over $3,500,000).
 Results of the Mexican War?
1. The 17-month war cost $100,000,000 and 13,000+
American lives (mostly of disease).
2. New territories were brought into the Union which forced
the explosive issue of SLAVERY to the center of national
politics.
* Brought in 1 million sq. mi. of land (incl. TX)
3. These new territories would upset the balance of power
between North and South.
4. Created two popular Whig generals who ran for President.
5. Manifest Destiny partially realized.
The Mexican Cession
CALIFORNIA HISTORY

 Go to the following web site for a summary of

California
 http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_dis
play.cfm?HHID=322

 http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/
three/daysof49.htm
GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848

John A. Sutter
California Gold Rush, 1849

49er’s
Two Views of San Francisco, Early
1850s

 By 1860, almost
300,000
people had traveled
the
Oregon &
California
The Bear Flag Republic

The Revolt  June 14,

1845

John C.
Frémont
CALIFORNIA STATE IN 1850
 COMPROMISE OF 1850
 CALIFORNIA BECOMES A
STATE
 STRICT FUGITIVE SLAVE
LAW
 TEXAS – 10 MILLION
 POPULAR SOVERNEITY
 NO SLAVE TRADE IN D.C.
 http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu
/database/article_display.cfm?
HHID=327
 UTAH TERRITORY

 http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/
two/barrenrock.htm
THIS IS THE PLACE
 Applied for statehood in
1840’s. UTAH WAS NOT
ADMITTED AS A STATE
UNTIL 1896.

 Pioneers began irrigation

projects immediately.
Young wanted the “desert
to blossom like a rose. “
 MOUNTAIN MEADOW MASSACRE
 http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/
four/mountain.htm

 A version of the event can be found in the LDS

archives at
 http://lds.org/ldsorg/v/index.jsp?
vgnextoid=2354fccf2b7db010VgnVCM1000004d82
620aRCRD&locale=0&sourceId=1c234dc02913311
0VgnVCM100000176f620a____&locale=0
LOCATION OF MOUNTAIN MEADOW
THIS IS THE MOUNTAIN MEADOW MASSACRE MONUMENT
THIS IS THE SITE AS IT LOOKS TODAY
 THIS IS AN
ACTUAL
NEWSPAPER
ARTICLE IN
1877 ABOUT
THE
EXECUTION
OF JOHN D.
LEE.
 KANSAS – NEBRASKA TERRITORY

 http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/program/episodes/
four/freesoil.htm

 http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article
 _display.cfm?HHID=330
MISSOURI COMPORMISE LINE
36’30
EMIGRANTS WENT TO KANSAS WITH
BEECHER BIBLES
Preacher Lyman
Beecher

BEECHER
BIBLES
PAINTING OF JOHN BROWN
CARTOON ON SUMNER BROOKS INCIDENT
Kansas brought political division
Territorial Growth to 1853
Expansionist Young America in the
1850s

America’s Attempted Raids into Latin America