Force and Pressure

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 What are Forces?

 A push
or pull

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Examples of Forces

 Squeezing
 Stretching
 Twisting
 Folding

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 Effects of Forces

 Object’s shape changes

 Object’s size changes
 Stationary object moves 4
 Effects of Forces

 Moving object stops

 Moving object speeds up or slows down
 Direction of an object’s motion changes 5
Measuring Forces
 S.I unit of force is newton (N)
 Spring balance used to
measure the amount of force
applied

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Types of Spring Balance
 Extension spring balance
 Spring stretches when a pulling force acts
on it
 Greater force, greater extension
 Spring attached to a pointer which indicates
the amount of force exerted on the spring

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Types of Spring Balance
 Compression spring balance
 Spring compressed when a pushing force
acts on it
 Greater force, greater compression
 Spring attached to a pointer which
indicates the amount of force exerted on
the spring

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 Forces Around Us

 Gravity
 Friction
 Magnetism

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Gravity
 Gravity is the force that attracts objects to
the Earth
 Mass is a measure of the amount of matter
in a body
 Weight is a measure of the gravitational
force exerted on the object

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Friction
 Frictional force acts when one materials
rubs against another
 Friction is useful in walking and when
applying brakes to stop a car
 Constant friction leads to wear and tear
 Friction produces heat

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Magnetism
 Magnetism is the force exerted by a
magnet on magnetic materials such as iron
and steel
 Every magnet has a North pole and a
South pole
 Like poles repel
 Unlike poles attract

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 What is Pressure?

 Amount of force
acting on a unit area
 A sharp object pierces
a surface more easily
than a blunt object

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Calculating Pressure

Pressure = Force
Area

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Applications of Pressure in Everyday Life
 Bulldozer
 Can openers
 Knife
 Plane
 Suction cups

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