PARTIAL REPLACEMENT

OF CEMENT BY USING RICE

HUSK ASH
GUIDED BY:
S. RAMESH M.E

PROJECT MEMBERS:
S.ANGUSELVAN
R.SYEDKHAJA AMRUDEEN
R.SHANKAR GURU
ABSTRACT:
India is one of the major rice producing
country, and the husk generated during milling is
mostly used as a fuel in the boilers for processing
paddy, producing energy through direct combustion.
This RHA is a great environment threat causing
damage to the land and the surrounding area in which
it is dumped. Lots of ways are being thought of for
disposing them by making commercial use of this
RHA.
 Rice husk is unusually high in ash compared
to other biomass fuels – close to 20%. The ash is 92 to 95%
silica, highly porous and lightweight, with a very high external
surface area. By mixing the RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) in
Portland cement we can improve the strength of concrete. the
size of RHS is 25 microns it is less than the size of cement 35
microns so it fills the interstices in between the cement in the
aggregate. That is where the strength and density comes from.

RHA is a good super-pozzolans can be

used in a big way to make special concrete mixes
RICE HUSK ASH
RICE HUSK ASH
Low cost building blocks:

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is expensive

and unaffordable to a large portion of the world's population.
Since OPC is typically the most expensive constituent of
concrete, the replacement of a proportion of it with RHA
offers improved concrete strength, particularly for low-cost
housing in developing countries.
 Using a concrete mix containing 10%
cement, 50% aggregate and 40% RHA plus water, an
Indonesian company reported that it produced test
blocks with an average compressive strength of
12N/mm2. This compares to normal concrete blocks,
without RHA, which have an average
compressive strength of 4.5 to 7N/mm2 or high
strength concrete blocks which have a compressive
strength of 10N/mm2. Higher strength concrete with
RHA allows lighter weight products to be
produced
Compressive Strengths:

The compressive strengths of OPC and RHA

mortars. At 35 % replacement, the RHA cement had improved
early strength and, due to its higher percentage of silica, the
RHA cement also had a higher compressive strength at later
dates. Other studies have also shown that at 28 days RHA
cement had significantly greater rates of compressive strength
compared with OPC. Highest compressive strength has been
obtained when 35% of Portland cement is replaced with RHA.
If 50% is replaced then strength can be considerably reduced
 METHOD:
For the purpose of this work
150mm×450mm hollow blocks were produced at the
concrete laboratory of the Department of Civil
Engineering, Federal University of
Technology, Minna, Nigeria. The mix ratio used was
1:8 (one part of binder to eight part of
sand) at different replacement levels of OPC and rice
husk ash. For each replacement levels
about 18 block samples were cast. The replacement
levels and water/binder ratios used are as
shown in table.
Percentage Replacement Levels & Water / Binder Ratio

Percentage Replacement Water / Binder Ratio

Levels
100% OPC, 0% RHA 0.50
90% OPC, 10% RHA 0.54
80% OPC, 20% RHA 0.55
70% OPC, 30% RHA 0.56
60% OPC, 40% RHA 0.57
50% OPC, 50% RHA 0.58
 The materials used for the production
of the blocks were sand, rice husk ash (RHA), water and
cement.
 Compressive Strength Test:

The compressive strength of the block samples

was determined in accordance with the standard procedure for
pre-cast concrete blocks. The weights of the block samples
were always taken before the compressive strength test was
conducted. Three sample blocks were crushed each at 1, 3, 7,
14, 21 and 28 days after casting at different using different
replacement level.
Future scope
TESTING OF MATERIALS:
1. Fineness modules of cement
2 Fineness modules of sand
FINENESS MODULES OF CEMENT:
Wt of cement taken = 200 g
Wt of cement not passing through is sieve 0.90 mm
=10g
Fineness modules of cement = 10 x 100/200
Fineness modules of cement = 5%
Fineness modules of sand
S.NO Sieve Weight Weight Cumulativ Cumulativ
Opening Retained in Retained e Weight e Weight
in mm gm in % Retained Passed
in % in %
1 2.36 10 1 1 99
2 1.18 50 5 6 94
3 0.600 190 19 25 75
4 0.300 400 40 65 35
5 0.090 140 14 79 21
6 pan 160 16 100 0
 
Total 251

fineness modules of sand = 2.51

Conclusion:

1.Potential future markets include silicon chip

manufacture, the manufacture of activated carbon, and
in production of lightweight construction materials and
insulation.
2. The cement markets are not as well developed as
steel, but there is great potential for the use
of amorphous RHA in this area. Two main issues
appear to be limiting its use: lack of
awareness of the potential for RHA and the quality of
the product itself. Boiler modifications may be required
to produce ash of the quality required.