Rotary. Pulley Systems.

Pulley Systems use a belt to transmit motion and force

from the driver shaft to the driven shaft.
Speed changes

Speed changes are made by using different

size pulleys on the driver and driven shafts.

By comparing the
size of the two
pulleys you can
calculate the velocity
ratio of the system
Calculation

Pulleys formula:
n1 . d1 = n2 . d2 n1: pulley 1 speed
d1: pulley 1 diameter
n2: pulley 2 speed
n2
d2: pulley 2 diameter
n1
d1 d2

1 2
Gears

Gears are toothed wheels, fixed to the driver and driven

shafts, which mesh together. The gears have a whole
number of teeth.

Gear train
Speed changes

Speed changes are made by using different

number of teeth on the driver and driven
shafts.

You can calculate the

velocity ratio of the
system
Calculation

Gears formula:
n1 . Z1 = n2 . Z2

n1: gear 1 speed

Z1: gear 1 teeth
n2: gear 2 speed
Z2: gear 2 teeth
Chain and Sprocket systems

Chain and sprocket systems use a chain to

transmit rotary motion from the driver to the
driven shaft. Sprocket is the name of the gear
when it use a chain.

The mechanism of the

bicycle is a typical
example
Chain and Sprocket systems
You can use the formula of the gears for this
mechanism. It's the same.

n1 . Z1 = n2 . Z2

n1: sprocket 1 speed

Z1: sprocket 1 teeth
n2: sprocket 2 speed
Z2: sprocket 2 teeth
Worm gear
Another way of making large speed reductions is to
use a worm gear.You can think of the worm as if it
were a gear with 1 tooth.
Worm gear. Watch out
You can use the formula of the gears for this
mechanism. It's the same.

n1 . 1 = n2 . Z2

n1: screw 1 speed

n2: gear 2 speed

Z2: gear 2 teeth
Rack and Pinion Systems.
Rack and pinion systems involve changes
between rotary and linear motion.