CONDITIONALS

TYPE 0
TYPE 1
TYPE 2
 Conditional
0:
Real/Present
 If I have time at night…
When I have time at night…
I watch
TV
 If you don’t exercise…
When you don’t exercise…
You get tired easily
 Conditional 1:
Possible/Future
 MURDER ON THE ORIENT EXPRESS?
A young American was travelling to Venice on
the Orient Express. It was a long journey and he
was bored. Sitting in front of him there was an
Italian man. He was about 50 years old. He had
an English newspaper on the seat next to him.
‘Excuse me’, the American said. ‘Can I borrow
your newspaper?’
‘No’, said the Italian. ‘I’m sorry. You can’t.’
‘Why not?’ asked the American.
‘Well’, said the Italian, ‘it’s quite simple…’
 1 2 3 4

5 6 7

5 ‘If you meet Nicoletta, you’ll fall in love with her.’

2 ‘If we start talking, we’ll become friends.’
4 ‘If I invite you to my house, you’ll meet my beautiful daughter, Nicoletta.’
9 ‘So that’s why I won’t lend you my newspaper.’
‘If I find you, I’ll kill you.’
8
‘If you fall in love with her, you’ll run away together.’
6
‘If we become friends, I’ll invite you to my house in Venice.’
3 ‘If I lend you my newspaper, we’ll start talking.’
9 1 ‘If you run away, I’ll find you.’
7
 IF + Present, WILL+ base form =
1st (FACTUAL) CONDITIONAL
‘If you meet Nicoletta, you’ll fall in love with her.’
‘If we start talking, we’ll become friends.’
‘If I invite you to my house, you’ll meet my beautiful daughter, Nicoletta.’
‘If I find you, I’ll kill you.’
‘If you fall in love with her, you’ll run away together.’
‘If we become friends, I’ll invite you to my house in Venice.’
‘If I lend you my newspaper, we’ll start talking.’
‘If you run away, I’ll find you.’

Present Future
(WILL)

What tense appears after IF? Present

What tense is the rest of the sentence? Future (WILL)
 IF + Present, WILL+ base form =
1st (FACTUAL) CONDITIONAL

• If he gets up late, he’ll arrive late to work.

Use 1st Conditional

to talk about a
possible future
possible (future) situation consequence situation and its
• If I miss the bus, I’ll get a taxi. consequence.

possible (future) situation consequence

 IF + Present, WILL+ base form =
1st (FACTUAL) CONDITIONAL

• If he gets up late, he’ll arrive late to work.

• He’ll arrive late to work if he gets up late.

[IF + Present], [WILL+ base form]

You can also use the imperative or can.
If you like, I’ll come. If you miss the bus, get a taxi.
If you miss the bus, you can get a taxi.
[WILL+ base form] + [IF + Present]

I’ll come if you like.

If the weather is good on
Sunday…
I’ll go to the beach with my friends
If you study for the exam…
You’ll pass it
Conditional 2:
Unreal / Past
If I were millionaire…
I would buy a mansion
If I got permission
I would get a
tattoo
 JUNO: 2ND CONDITIONAL

http://moviesegmentstoassessgrammargoals.blogspot.com/2011/06/juno-2nd-conditional-with-would-and.html
 CONDITIONALS
• A conditional sentence expresses
cause-effect relationship:
You study hard so you will pass the exam.
cause effect
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
cause effect
You will pass the exam if you study hard.
effect cause
 CONDITIONAL 0 (facts)
• If you press this switch,you turn off the
light. present present
 CONDITIONAL 1 (real)
• If you study hard, pass. IMPERATIVE
• If you study hard, you can pass. CAN
• If you study hard, you will pass. FUTURE
• If you study hard, you’re going to pass.
present
 CONDITIONAL 2 (unreal)
• If you studied hard, you would pass.
past would +base
(but really you don’t study,so I don’t
think you will pass)
 THE
UNREAL
CONDITIONAL
 CONDITIONAL 2 (unreal present)
• If you studied hard, you would pass.
past would +base
(but you don’t study,so I don’t think you
will pass)
 CONDITIONAL 3 (unreal past)
If you had studied harder, you would
Past perfect would + have+past participle
have passed. (but you didn’t study,so you didn’t pass)

Yeah,I know
UNREAL CONDITIONALS
• CONDITIONAL 2
• If we studied basic,
we would use Top Notch
books .
UNREAL CONDITIONALS
• CONDITIONAL 3
• If the authorities had planned their moves
better,the riots wouldn’t have happened.
Real Conditionals 0-1
Unreal Conditionals 2-3
 Mixed
Conditionals
 MIXED CONDITIONALS
• CONDITIONAL 3-2 :
• PAST AFFECTING THE PRESENT
• If Peruvians hadn’t expelled
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard ,
Martin Vizcarra wouldn’t be
the president now.
 MIXED CONDITIONALS
• CONDITIONAL 2-3 :
• UNREAL STATE WITH PAST RESULT
• If we were British,we wouldn’t have started
studying English.