What is Resonant frequency?

Resonance describes the phenomenon of increased amplitude  that occurs when

the frequency of a periodically applied force  is equal or close to a natural frequency of
the system on which it acts. 

Real time Example:

A familiar example is a playground swing, which acts as a pendulum . Pushing a person in a swing in
time with the natural interval of the swing (its resonant frequency) makes the swing go higher and higher
(maximum amplitude), while attempts to push the swing at a faster or slower tempo produce smaller arcs.
This is because the energy the swing absorbs is maximized when the pushes match the swing's natural
oscillations.

For more learning:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYrdiQckGhw

PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Induction Heater
Courtesy: 3
PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

RF Amplifiers
Courtesy: https:// 4
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

TV Receivers

Courtesy: https://www.indiamart.com/technical-ajfarul-ji/tv-receivers.html (Available Online: 06 Dec. 5

 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Radio
Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 5
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Guitar
Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 6
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Pendulum
Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 7
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Swing
Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 8
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Singer Breaking the Glass

Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 9
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Bridge Collapse
Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 10
 PHENOMENON OF RESONANCE IN VARIOUS DOMAINS

Microwave Oven
Courtesy: https://studiousguy.com/everyday-examples-of-resonance/ (Available Online: 25 Nov. 11
Outline

 Resonance in Series RLC Circuit

 Quality Factor (Q)
 Bandwidth and Half-Power Frequencies

 Resonance in Parallel RLC Circuit

 Parallel LC Circuit (Tank Circuit)
 Dynamic Impedance (or) Dynamic Resistance

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 WHEN RESONANCE OCCURS? AND WHAT IT RESULTS?
• Resonance occurs in any circuit that has energy storage elements, at least
one inductor and one capacitor.
• Under resonance, the total impedance is equal to the resistance only and
maximum power is drawn from the supply by the circuit.
• Under resonance, the total supply voltage and supply current are in phase.
So, the power factor (PF) becomes unity.
• At resonance, L and C elements exchange energy freely as a function of
time, which results in sinusoidal oscillations either across L or C.
TYPES OF RESONANCE
• Series resonance. C
• Parallel resonance. L
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 APPLICATIONS OF RESONANCE
• Resonant circuits (series or parallel) are used in many applications
such as selecting the desired stations in radio and TV receivers.
• Most common applications of resonance are based
on the frequency dependent response. (“tuning” into a
particular frequency/channel)
• A series resonant circuit is used as voltage amplifier.
• A parallel resonant circuit is used as current amplifier.

• A resonant circuit is also used as a filter.

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 Resonance is a tendency of a system to Oscillate
The most prominent feature of the frequency response of a circuit may
be the sharp peak (or resonant peak) exhibited in its amplitude characteristic

Resonance occurs in any system that has a complex conjugate pair of poles;
it is the cause of oscillations of stored energy from one form to another.

Resonance occurs in any circuit that has at least one inductor and one
capacitor
Resonance is a condition in an RLC circuit in which the capacitive and inductive reactances are equal
in magnitude, thereby resulting in a purely resistive impedance.

A complex-conjugate pole pair represents oscillating behaviour - imagine a spring-mass-damper-system

which can bounce. Its eigenfrequency is related to the pole pair's imaginary parts, while its damping /
decaying characteristics is related to its real part.
Resonance is a condition in an RLC circuit in which the capacitive and
inductive reactances are equal in magnitude, thereby resulting in a purely
resistive impedance.
At resonance :
Note that at resonance:
1. The impedance is purely resistive, thus, In other words,
the LC series combination acts like a short circuit, and the entire
voltage is across R.
2. The voltage and the current are in phase,
3. The magnitude of the transfer function is minimum.
4. The inductor voltage and capacitor voltage can be much more (Q times)
than the source voltage.
 VOLTAGES IN A SERIES RLC CIRCUIT

(b) f = fr (c) f > fr

(a) f < fr Resistive,
Capacitive, Inductive,
V and I I lags V
I leads V in phase
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