APPENDICITIS

BY: WAN MADIHAN

SUPERVISED BY DR AZHAR
• • Appendicitis is an inflammation
of appendix that develops
• most common in adolescents and
young adults.
• • Appendicitis is acute
inflammation of the appendix,
and is the
• most common cause for acute,
severe abdominal pain.
• • The abdomen is most tender at
McBurney’s point – one third of
• the distance from the right
anterior superior iliac spine to the
• umbilicus. This corresponds to the
location of the base of the
• Appendix
 Anatomical Positions
• RETROCAECAL 74%
• PELVIC 21%
• PARACAECAL 2%
• SUBCAECAL 1.5%
• PREILEAL 1%
• POSTILEAL 0.5%
 RISK FACTORS
• Fecal impaction FAECOLITH
- A layered buildup of calcium salts and fecal
debris around a piece of fecal material within
the appendix
- • Lymphoid hyperplasia- associated with
inflammatory (chrons disease) and infective
( GE, URTI, measles)
• Less common-parasites, TB, tumor
 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Signs
Symptoms
• Abdominal pain >95% • Rebound tenderness
• Anorexia • Psoas sign-RIF pain with
• Fever hyperextension right hip
• Obturator sign-RIF pain
• Migration of pain
with internal rotation of
from periumbilical to
flexed right hip
right lower quadrant
• Rovsing's sign-RIF pain
• Nausea Vomiting upon LIF palpation
 MANAGEMENT
• Surgery is indicated if appendicitis is diagnosed.
• -To correct or prevent fluid and electrolyte imbalance
and dehydration, antibiotics and intravenous fluids are
administered until surgery is performed.

• Analgesics can be administered after the diagnosis is

made
• -IV tramal, 40mg tds and stat/ t.pcm 1g qid

• Antibiotics : iv cefotaxime/ iv metronidazole

 APPENDICECTOMY
performed as soon as possible to decrease the risk of perforation. It may be
performed under a general or spinal anesthetic with a low abdominal
incision or by laparoscopy.
1. Conventional Appendicectomy
2. Laparoscopic Appendicectomy
THANK YOU 