STATISTICS

and

PROBABILITY
 WHAT IS STATISTICS?

STATISTICS - is a collection of methods for

planning experiment, obtaining data and then
analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based
on the idea
 STATISTICS
- It is used to analyze the results
of survey, and as a tool in scientific
studies, to make decisions based on
controlled experiments.
 Two aspects of Statistics
1. Theoretical aspects
- Deals with the development , derivation, and proofs of
statistical theorems, formulas, rules and laws.

2. Applied aspects
Involves the application those theorems, rules, and
laws to solved real –world problem.
Data
- are the values that the variables
can assume.

Variables
- values are determine by chance called
random variables.
TWO TYPES OF VARIABLE
1. Qualitative Variables
- are words or codes that represents a class or category.

Examples:
* Gender (male, female)

* Eye color (brown, blue, green,

hazel)
2. QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES

* are numbers that represents an

amount or a count.
Examples:
*High school Grade Point Average (e.g. 4.0, 3.2, 2.1).
*Number of pets owned (e.g. 1, 2, 4).
*Bank account balance (e.g. $100, $987, $-42.)
*Number of stars in a galaxy (e.g. 100, 2301, 1 trillion)
 *Average number of lottery tickets sold (e.g. 25, 2,789, 2 million).
*many of cousins you have (e.g. 0, 12, 22).
*The amount in your paycheck (e.g. $200, $1,457, $2,222).
CLASSIFICATION OF QUANTITATIVE
VARIABLES
1. Discrete Variables

- can be assigned values such as 0, 1,2,3… and

are said to be countable
Examples:
*number of student present

* the number of person in a room

 2. CONTINUOUS VARIABLE
- is that which takes values obtained by
measuring.
Examples:
* the height of a person 
*the length of time it takes a truck driver to go from
Mumbai to Delhi

*the depth of drilling to find oil

*the weight of a truck in a truck-weighing station