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This image of one’s self
perception is defined by their
self-concept, self-knowledge,
self-esteem, and social self. Self-concept

The
Self-knowledge Self-esteem
Self

Social Self
The self? What is it?
merely human being?
or perhaps a soul?
 Hume claimed he could looked within, only a succession of impressions.

 Hume in his bundle theory said is the collection of different successive

perception is always changing and moving. The qualities that we feel is
only part of something.

But other philosophers seem to find transcendental selves, momentary selves,

and objective selves among others.
 Plato believed that human could be broken down into 3 parts:
 The body
 The mind
 The soul (it is in the human body)

 The rational part is the head, the spirit is the upper part of the
body and the appetite is in the central part of the heart.
Cognitive Psychology Sternberg 6th Edition
 John Locke holds that the personal identity is a matter of
psychological continuity.

 He considered personal identity (or the self) to be founded on

consciousness; memory and not a substance of either the body
or the soul.
 Sigmund Freud constructed that the self and personality
makes the physical body the core of human experience.

 According to him, “the child is the father of a man”, a famous

neurologist, who created psychoanalysis on the threefold of
yourself: Id, Ego and Superego.
 Id Early stage of self-shaping, the center of all human wants and desires
that you must satisfy.

Ego Act according to reality, balances the desires of the people and how to
present it. To know what is right or wrong based on context.

Superego Looking at the perfection of things, we felt embarrassment and guilt

when we have fallen short of the high expectations. To achieve the
super ego, it can be cruel or punishable.
 Carl Jung believed that the body is a metaphysical as the
spirit.

 The metaphysics of Self is the branch of philosophy that

studies the nature, substance and identity. It is also explains
how we get knowledge.
 Physical Self refers to the body, this marvelous container and
complex, finely tuned, machine with which we interface with our
environment and fellow beings.

The Physical Self is the concrete dimension, the tangible aspect of

the person that can be directly observed and examined.
In the eastern traditions; Indian

SELF The various aspects of self, including the physical self has received
tremendous attention. One of the Indian tradition Yoga, a harmony.

YOGA Hath-Yoga or the yoga of the body gives more importance and entire
discipline devoured to physical self. It aims at whole man for his full
development and self-realization, it is a system of health and hygiene
involving both body and mind.
1. Yoga Squat Pose (Malasana):
Strengthens the Lower Back
 The Malasana pose helps stretch
the groin and lower back, tones
the belly, and also releases tension
in the hips and knees.
2. Cat Cow Pose(Marjaiasana/Bitilasana):
Improves Posture
 This pose will not only improve posture
and balance, but also strengthen and
stretch the neck, arms, abdomen, and
back.
3. Downward Facing Dog (Adho
Mukha Svanasana): A Full-Body
Rejuvenation - Building stronger
hands, wrists, relieving lower back
pain, helping reduce symptoms of
menstruation, menopause; preventing
osteoporosis.
4. Child’s Pose (Balasana):
Stretches the Lower Back
 Aside from bringing total
relaxation, child’s pose stretches
the lower back and shoulders,
opens the hips, and even helps
fight insomnia.
5. Legs Up the Wall Pose (Viparita
Karani): Reduces Insomnia
 It allows blood and other fluids to flow
against gravity; refreshes the legs and
reproductive organs; helps to alleviate
headaches, lower blood pressure, and
even reduce insomnia.
6. Child’s Pose (Balasana):
Stretches the Lower Back
 Aside from bringing total
relaxation, child’s pose stretches
the lower back and shoulders,
opens the hips, and even helps
fight insomnia.
 8. Corpse Pose (Shavasana):
7. Butterfly Pose (Baddha Konasana):
Relaxes and Relieves Stress
Stimulates Blood Circulation
 Lie flat on the back with hands by
 It has all kinds of benefits, from
the side and palms facing up. The
stimulating blood circulation to
pose relaxes the entire body and
relieving symptoms of menstruation
relieves stress and fatigue.
and menopause.
Who or what am I ?
This may be answered as: I am a living, breathing organism signified by the
words “human being.”

I am a material or physical being… I am a body.

Through my body, I can move, touch, see, hear, taste, and smell…

There are other aspects of me which are not visible… which include “mind”,
“spirit”, “heart”, “soul”, “awareness” and “consciousness”.
 This “me” is “the same me” but constantly changing and evolving.

So, I am a physical body and an emotional, psychological

and spiritual being. Altogether makes me a person.

Being a person means that I have virtues and flaws, gifts and needs,
possibilities and defeats. I am basically good, but I am capable of evil.
Realization and condition is a universal experiences that enables empathy
and compassion. It is a glimpse to reality of understanding and solicitude,
mutuality and intimacy.

Being a person means that I am like other persons, but also unique.
 ON M
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IM IM
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 Body image is their physical self and the thoughts and feelings that result
from a perception. These feelings can be positive, negative or both, and are
influenced by individual and environmental factors.

 Self-esteem as an important component of emotional-health compasses

both confidence and self-acceptance.
 Self-esteem is the way an individual perceives himself and his self-
value… thinks and feels about himself and how well he do things that are
important to him.

 The self-esteem is highest when a person see oneself as approximating his

“ideal self” – the kind of person he would like to be.
 They have an easier time handling conflicts, resisting negative
High
Self-esteem pressures, and have a generally optimistic view of the world and
their lives.

They have difficult time dealing with problems, trying new

Low things, are overly self-critical, can become passive, easily
Self-esteem
frustrated, often to see problems as permanent condition, are
pessimistic, withdrawn, and depressed.
Factors that influences self-esteem:

AGE It tends to grow steadily in transition. Genetics, culture and individual

differences creates pressure in their achievements, body image and
maturity.

GENDER Social norms and standards creates pressure in their roles,

body image, capability, and worthiness.
SOCIO- Socio-economic affects the overall human functioning.

ECONOMIC Family with lower income correlates with lower educational

achievement, poverty, poor physical and mental health that
STATUS ultimately affect our society.

BODY Body image is both the perception of your own body and physical

IMAGE appearance (height, weight, shape, size and beauty standards of a

culture). Healthy body = Mentally healthy = High Self-Esteem
CULTURAL Self-Esteem is a person's sense of worth based on

BACKGROUND and cultural expectations. Regardless of our personal

how they view themselves in the context of society

values, we base most of our self-esteem on the

fulfillment of the dominant values of our culture
(standard norm and belief).
 We must be careful not to assume that people within a group (family,
specific ethnic group, racial group) share a common cultural experiences.
There are differences within cultures and families.

 Several theories propose that self-esteem or positive self-regard, results

fulfilling the value priorities of one’s surrounding culture.
 Goffman (1959), stated that self-representation or self-esteem is an
inherent quality of social interaction.

 Indeed, self presentation in the form of biological narratives, social

anecdotes, gossip or social media post may constitute higher percentage.
Guidelines in developing one's
personal concept and self-esteem
1. Be aware of the ways your own culture influences your expectations of
children. Think about how you were raised, your family values? How did
your family make you feel proud? Make reflections by reflecting the
positive concept towards others.
2. Consider one’s cultural background in your setting and their community.

3. Learn about the cultures from which other were raised.

4. Use your basic knowledge of the culture to talk with others about its
values and practices .

5. Build with the individuals.

6. Infuse and educate others.

 VALUE MORE YOURSELF

“unexamined life is not worth living”

Socrates

“In searching for the self, one cannot simultaneously be the hunter
and the hunted”
“Sa paghahanap sa sarili, hindi maaaring ang naghahanap ay siya
ring hinahanap.”
Gilbert Ryle
 “I think therefore I am.”
Rene Descartes
Self and behavior comes together. Wrong bases arise on how we give
meaning and how we deliver or how we paraphrase the words.

The body is our general medium for having a world…

“Ang katawan ang paraan kung paano tayo nagkaroon ng mundo.”
Maurice Ponty
Born without arms or legs, Nick Vujicic is a
painter, swimmer, skydiver, and motivational
speaker. Nick Vujicic is 33 years old. He was born
with an extremely rare congenital disorder known
as Phocomelia, which is characterised by the
absence of legs and arms.
- END -