CREVICE CORROSION

-Crevice corrosion is similar to pitting

corrosion after its initiation stage in a
stagnant electrolyte.
• This form of corrosion initiates due to changes
in local chemistry such as depletion of oxygen
in the crevice, increase in with increasing
hydrogen concentration and increase of
chlorine ions.

• The problem of crevice corrosion can be

eliminated or reduced using proper sealants
and protective coatings
 CORROSION-INDUCED SPALLING
• Spalling is a separation of the surface coating.
This particular case is another atmospheric-
related corrosion phenomenon. Spalling can
also occur on metal oxides and refractory
materials due to thermal cycling.
• Corrosion-induced spalling may be
attributable to the generation of molecular
hydrogen, which is known as hydrogen
evolution beneath the organic coating
Corrosion induced spalling of coating
• Spalling is a common defect in concrete
pavements that may become hazardous to
roadway users
• It occurs due to high compressive stresses in
the concrete when cracks and joints are not
properly closed or repaired
• In fact, spalling tends to grow under repeated
thermal stresses caused by traffic loadings
• In addition, concrete bridges may fail due to
spalling and cracking.
 STRESS CORROSION CRACKING
• Structural parts subjected to a combination of a
tensile stress and a corrosive environment may
prematurely fail at a stress below the yield
strength
• This phenomenon is known as environmentally
induced cracking (EIC), which is divided into the
following categories: stress-corrosion cracking
(SCC), hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and
corrosion-fatigue cracking (CFC).
 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
• CERAMICS: These are brittle and corrosion resistant
compounds made out of metallic and nonmetallic
elements
• Some examples of ceramics are Al2O3 (alumina), SiC
(silicon carbide), MgO (magnesia), Fe3O4 (magnetite),
and ZrO (zirconia). Other ceramics are made of basic
ceramics and are known as bricks, clay, concrete,
porcelain and the like.
• On the other hand, refractories are ceramics that
withstand very high temperatures prior to melting,
such as NbC (niobium carbide) @3615°C and MgO
@2852°C.
• POLYMERS: degradation or damage of
polymers can be classified as
• 1) oxidation damage according to the
oxidation reaction R→ R+ + e due to high-
energy ionization radiation (radiolysis), such
as electron beams, γ- radiation and x-rays
• 2) swelling caused by moisture and oxygen
• The polymer R loses one electron leading to a
degradation known a depolymerization.
• WOODS:
• These are organic in nature and corrosion
resistant in water and diluted acids
• Woods consist of cellulose fibers surrounded
by lignin
• The cellulose fibers are strong and yet,
flexible, whereas the lignin is stiffer
• Some woods can dissolve in strong acids and
diluted alkalies