CATHLAB atrendynurse

PROCEDURES
CATHLAB PROCEDURES
CATHLAB

DIAGNOSTIC TREATMENT
CONT…
ALSO DIVIDED INTO
CARDIAC AND NON CARDIAC CASES
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
PERIPHERAL ANGIO
CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
VENTRICULOGRAPHY
GREAT VESSEL ANGIOGRAPHY(AO/PA)
FFR/ IFR
IVUS/ OCT(IMAGING)
CEREBRAL ANGIO/4 VESSEL ANGIO
VENOGRAM
RENAL ANGIO/ HEPATIC ANGIO/MESENTRIC ANGIO
COLONOGRAM
EP STUDY
LOOP RECORDER
NEPHROGRAM
FISTULOGRAM
TREATMENT(CARDIO)
PTCA
PRIMARY PTCA
ASD/ VSD/ PDA/ LAA/ RSOV DEVICE CLOSURE
PARAVALVULAR LEAK CLOSURE
PACEMAKER/ ICD/ CRT D/P
ALCHOL SEPTAL ABLATION
RF ABLATION
TPI/ IABP/ IMPELLA IMPLANTATION
ROTABLATOR
TAVI
MITRAL VALVE CLIPPING
TREATMENT (NON CARDIAC)

PEREPHERAL PLASTY
FISTULOPLASTY
IVC FILTER
VENOPLASTY
CAROTID STENTING
MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY
CEREBRAL ANEURYSM COILING/ GLUE/ FLOW DIVERTER
CEREBRAL AVM GLUE
CEREBRAL STENTING
EMBOLIZATION
CONT..

RENAL STENTING
AORTIC STENT GRAFT
PTBD
NEPHROSTOMY
URETRIC STENTING/D J STENTING
PERMCATH INSERTION/ IJ INSERTION
TACE/TARE
LIVER BIOSPY
TIPS
HEPATIC STENTING
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PRIMARY PTCA
MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY
EMBOLIZATION
TPI
IABP
WHAT IS ANGIO GRAPHY
ANGIO MEANS :RELATING TO BLOOD VESSELS

ANGIOGRAPHY MEANS:RADIOGRAPHY OF BLOOD OR LYMPH VESSELS,

CARRIED OUT AFTER INTRODUCTION OF A RADIOPAQUE
SUBSTANCE(CONTRAST/DYE).
ANGIOPLASTY
ANGIOPLASTY, ALSO KNOWN AS BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY AND PERCUTANEOUS
TRANSLUMINAL ANGIOPLASTY (PTA), IS A MINIMALLY INVASIVE, ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURE
 TO WIDEN NARROWED OR OBSTRUCTED ARTERIES OR VEINS, TYPICALLY TO TREAT ARTERIAL 
ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
A DEFLATED BALLOON ATTACHED TO A CATHETER (A BALLOON CATHETER) IS PASSED OVER A
GUIDE-WIRE INTO THE NARROWED VESSEL AND THEN INFLATED TO A FIXED SIZE.
THE BALLOON FORCES EXPANSION OF THE BLOOD VESSEL AND THE SURROUNDING MUSCULAR
WALL, ALLOWING AN IMPROVED BLOOD FLOW.
A STENT MAY BE INSERTED AT THE TIME OF BALLOONING TO ENSURE THE VESSEL REMAINS
OPEN, AND THE BALLOON IS THEN DEFLATED AND WITHDRAWN. ANGIOPLASTY HAS COME TO
INCLUDE ALL MANNER OF VASCULAR INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE TYPICALLY PERFORMED 
PERCUTANEOUSLY.
THE WORD IS COMPOSED OF THE COMBINING FORMS OF THE GREEK WORDS
ἀΓΓΕῖΟΝ ANGEÎON "VESSEL" OR "CAVITY" (OF THE HUMAN BODY) AND ΠΛΆΣΣΩ PLÁSSŌ "FORM"
OR "MOULD".
WHAT IS A CLOSURE DEVICE?

Closure devices are used to close a defect or an opening between the right and left
sides of the heart.
Some of these birth defects are located in the wall (septum) between the upper
chambers (atria) /lower chambers of the heart or at the great artery level:
Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT(VSD)
PATENT DUCTUS ATERIOUSIS(PDA)
EPS AND RFA
An EP study is a test that shows how electrical signals move in pathways through
your heart. When the pathway is normal, your heart beat is regular. When these
signals are abnormal, your heartbeat is irregular. An irregular heartbeat is called an
arrhythmia (ahrRITH-mee-ah).
RFA is a procedure used to treat some types of arrhythmias. In most cases, it can be
done at the same time as an EP study. Your doctor will tell you if you are scheduled
for an EP study, an RFA procedure, or both.
LOOP RECORDER
An implantable loop recorder (ILR), also known as an insertable cardiac
monitor, is a small device about the size of a pack of chewing gum or USB memory
stick that is implanted just under the skin of the chest for cardiac monitoring (that is,
to record the heart's electrical activity).[1]
LOOP RECOREDER
LAA CLOSURE
LAA CLOSURE

Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), also referred to as Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is a treatment
strategy to reduce the risk of left atrial appendageblood clots from entering the bloodstream and causing a stroke in patients
with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF).
In non-valvular AF, over 90% of stroke-causing clots that come from the heart are formed in the left atrial appendage. [1] The
most common treatment for AF stroke risk is treatment with blood-thinning medications, also called oral anticoagulants,
which reduce the chance for blood clots to form. These medications (which include warfarin, and other newer approved
blood thinners) are very effective in lowering the risk of stroke in AF patients. Most patients can safely take these
medications for years (and even decades) without serious side effects.
However, some patients find that blood thinning medications can be difficult to tolerate or are risky. Because they prevent
blood clots by thinning the blood, blood thinners can increase the risk of bleeding problems. In select patients, physicians
determine that an alternative to blood thinners is needed to reduce AF stroke risk. Approximately 45% of patients who are
eligible for warfarin are not being treated, due to tolerance or adherence issues. [2] This applies particularly to the elderly,
although studies have indicated that they can also benefit from anticoagulants.[3]
Left atrial appendage closure is an implant-based alternative to blood thinners. Like blood thinning medications, an LAAC
implant does not cure AF. A stroke can be due to factors not related to a clot traveling to the brain from the left atrium.
Other causes of stroke can include high blood pressure and narrowing of the blood vessels to the brain. An LAAC implant
will not prevent these other causes of stroke
BALLOON VALVULOPLASTY
A valvuloplasty, also known as balloon valvuloplasty or balloon valvotomy, is a
procedure to repair a heart valve that has a narrowed opening.
In this valve condition, the valve flaps (leaflets) may become thick or stiff, and they
may fuse together (stenosis). This causes the valve opening to be narrowed and
results in reduced blood flow through the valve.
A valvuloplasty may improve blood flow through the valve and improve your
symptoms
TAVI
 TAVI, also called TAVR (transcatheter aortic valve replacement), and it is a less
invasive procedure that is designed to replace a diseased aortic valve. This procedure
used to only be available for people who were too weak to undergo open heart
surgery.
IVC FILTER
An IVC filter is a small device that is placed in your inferior vena cava to prevent
blood clots from moving through your blood into your lungs 
PACEMAKER
A pacemaker is a small electrical device, fitted in the chest or abdomen. It's used to
treat some abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) that can cause your heart to either
beat too slowly or miss beats. Somepacemakers can also help the chambers of your
heart beat in time.
CRT
CRT
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is the insertion of electrodes in the left and right  the
heart, as well as on occasion the right atrium, to treat heart failure by coordinating the function of the
left and right ventricles.[1]
CRT is indicated in patients suffering from a low ejection fraction (typically <35%) indicating 
heart failure, where electrical activity has been compromised, with prolonged QRS duration to >120 ms
.[2]
The insertion of electrodes into the ventricles is done under local anesthetic, with access to the
ventricles most commonly via the subclavian vein, although access may be conferred from the axillary
 or cephalic veins. Right ventricular access is direct, while left ventricular access is conferred via the 
coronary sinus (CS).
CRT defibrillators (CRT-D) also incorporate the additional function of an implantable cardioverter
-defibrillator (ICD), to quickly terminate an abnormally fast, life-threatening heart rhythm. CRT and
CRT-D have become increasingly important therapeutic options for patients with moderate and severe
heart failure.[3]
ICD
ICD
An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or automated implantable
cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) is a device implantable inside the body, able to
perform cardioversion, defibrillation, and (in modern versions) pacing of the heart.
PERICARDIOCENTESIS,
Pericardiocentesis, also called a pericardial tap, is an invasive procedure that
involves using a needle and catheter to remove fluid (called a pericardial effusion)
from the sac around the heart (the pericardium
NEPHROSTOMY
A nephrostomy is an opening between the kidney and the skin.
A nephrostomy tube is a thin plastic tube that is passed from the back, through the
skin and then through the kidney, to the point where the urine collects. Its job is to
temporarily drain the urine that is blocked.
PTBD
PTBD • A Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage is a percutaneous therapeutic
procedure which leads to the drainage of the obstructed bile duct system.
 T R A N S J U G U L A R I N T R A H E P A T I C P O R T O S Y S T E M I C S H U N T

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt or TIPS is a procedure that uses

imaging guidance to connect the portal vein to the hepatic vein in the liver. A small
metal device called a stent is placed to keep the connection open and allow it to
bring blood draining from the bowel back to the heart while avoiding the liver. TIPS
may successfully reduce internal bleeding in the stomach and esophagus in patients
with cirrhosis.
Patients who typically need a TIPS have portal hypertension, meaning they have
increased pressure in the portal vein system. This pressure buildup can cause blood
to flow backward from the liver into the veins of the spleen, stomach, lower
esophagus, and intestines, causing enlarged vessels, bleeding and the accumulation
of fluid in the chest or abdomen. This condition is most commonly seen in adults,
often as a result of chronic liver problems leading to cirrhosis (scarring of the liver).
Portal hypertension can also occur in children, although children are much less likely
to require a TIPS.
A TIPS is used to treat the complications of portal hypertension, including:
variceal bleeding, bleeding from any of the veins that normally drain the stomach,
esophagus, or intestines into the liver.
portal gastropathy, an engorgement of the veins in the wall of the stomach, which
can cause severe bleeding.
severe ascites (the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen) and/or hydrothorax (in the
chest).
Budd-Chiari syndrome, a blockage in one or more veins that carry blood from the
liver back to the heart.
ALCOHOL SEPTAL ABLATION
Alcohol septal ablation (ASA, TASH procedure) is a percutaneous, minimally invasive treatment
performed by an interventional cardiologist to relieve symptoms and improve functional status in
severely symptomatic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) who meet strict clinical,
anatomic and physiologic selection criteria. In carefully selected patients, when performed by an
experienced interventional cardiologist, the procedure is successful in relieving symptoms in over
90% of patients.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition of the heart muscle which grows abnormally thick, in
the absence of a physiologic cause such as hypertension (high blood pressure) or aortic valve disease.
In a large subset of patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, thickening of the heart
muscle in a particular part of the interventricular septum causes obstruction to blood being ejected
from the left ventricle.
Alcohol septal ablation is a technique designed to reduce the obstruction to blood being ejected from
the heart. The technique creates a small controlled heart attack, killing the area of heart muscle
responsible for the obstruction, and eventually causing it to become less thick.
MITRAL VALVE CLIPPING
A mitral valve clip is a procedure which repairs themitral valve. ... The effect of
this is to prevent or minimise the amount of regurgitation through thevalve. This
procedure is often recommended for patients who are too high risk for open-
heart surgery
IMPELLA , LV ASSIST DEVICE
The Impella 2.5® heart pump pulls blood from the left ventricle through an inlet
area near the tip and expels blood from the catheter into the ascending aorta
impella (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) is a percutaneously inserted ventricular
assistdevice (VAD). It has been increasingly used in patients with severe heart
failure, cardiogenic shock, and high-risk percutaneous intervention (PCI). 
ROTABLATOR
What is rotablation for coronary artery stenosis? Rotablation represents an
addition to the standard PTCAprocedure. While a standard PTCA procedure is
limited to the use of balloons and stents, rotablation also uses a tiny drill, powered
by compressed air, to remove calcified deposits.
A procedure called atherectomy is occasionally used to open up blocked arteries in
the legs or even the coronary arteries in the heart. Atherectomy uses a catheter with
various designs that can either remove or shave off plaque in your blood vessels and
helps restore blood flow
ROTABLATOR Rotational Atherectomy System diamond-tipped burr designed to
immediately engage the lesion to facilitate safe ablation. ... Features the front-
cutting, stable rotation of a diamond-tipped burr recognized by physicians as an
optimal device to ablate calcium in coronary arteries.
MECHANICAL
THROMBECTOMY
Mechanical thrombectomy is a treatment for stroke that removes clots that block
large blood vessels. Some patients may be candidates for this procedure using an
angiogram or a catheterization and a device that grabs clots and removes them, to
reestablish blood flow to the brain.
ANEURYSM COILING
Endovascular coiling is a minimally invasive technique, which means an incision in
the skull is not required to treat the brain aneurysm. Rather, a catheter is used to
reach the aneurysm in the brain. During endovascular coiling, a catheter is passed
through the groin up into the artery containing the aneurysm.
EMBOLIZATION
Embolization involves the selective occlusion of blood vessels by purposely
introducing emboli, in other words deliberately blocking a blood
vessel. Embolization is used to treat a wide variety of conditions affecting different
organs of the human body.
DJ STENT
DJ stent is the short form for double “J' stent. It is a small tube that is placed in the
body from the Kidney to the Urinary bladder.
PERMCATH
A permacath is a piece of plastic tubing - very similar to a jugular catheter - and is
used in exactly the same way for your haemodialysis. The permacath has a cuff that
holds the catheter in place and acts as a barrier to infection.