COORDINATE SYSTEM

Submitted By:

Umer Waqas (2017-UET-GSPCT-MECH-12)

Aqib Khalid (2017-UET-GSPCT-MECH-17)
Bilal Rasool (2017-UET-GSPCT-MECH-30)
Definition:

A coordinate system is a system that uses one or more numbers, or coordinates to uniquely

determine the position of the points.
It is a system designed to establish position with respect to given reference point.
• The co-ordinate system consists of one or more reference points , the style of measurements
(Linear or Angular) from the reference point, and the direction (or axis) in which those
measurements will be taken.
Classification of Co-ordinate system:

• Incremental Co-ordinate system

• Absolute Co-ordinate system
• Polar Co-ordinate system
• Incremental co-ordinate system:

An incremental movement moves a distance based on your current position.  an incremental

movement does not take your part zero point into consideration.

• Incremental coordinates uses the present position as the reference point for the next movement .
• Instead of referring back to the origin, the incremental method refers to the previous point as
reference point.
Absolute coordinates system:
Absolute coordinates refers to a Cartesian System that uses x-axis, y-axis and sometimes
a z-axis to establish a point some distance from a common origin. For example, the picture's
origin point is '0,0' and the absolute coordinate from that point is '8,7' making it 8 along the
x-axis and 7 along the y-axis .
• An absolute movement moves to a coordinate based on your zero point.

• In simple language absolute coordinates are the coordinates in which the whole dimension is
calculated from the starting point.
Polar coordinate system

The polar coordinate system is a two dimensional coordinate system in which each point on

a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction.

• The reference point is called the pole.

• The distance from the pole is called the radial coordinate, radial distance or simply radius
• The angle is called the angular coordinate, polar angle.
The radial coordinate is often denoted by r or ρ and the angular coordinate by φ, θ or t. Angles in
polar notation are generally expressed in either degrees or radians
• Points in the polar coordinate system with pole O and polar axis L. In green, the point with radial
coordinate 3 and angular coordinate 60 degrees or (3, 60°).