MEASLES

&
GERMAN MEASLES
MEASLES

• A highly contagious virus infection caused by Measles

Virus from the paramyxovirus family (RNA-enveloped
virus)
• The virus can spread airborne droplets through
respiratory symptoms with peak incidence between
March and April
 PROGRESSION

• After incubation period of 7-10 days, the prodromal

symptoms develop and the Koplik’s spot, a
pathognomonic sign of measles appears 1-2 days
before the onset of skin rash. The skin rash initially
affects the head and neck followed by other parts of
the body.
 CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
• Enanthem over the soft palate with bright erythema on the pharynx
• “Herman spot” a bluish gray areas on tonsils
• “Kopliks spot” a small erythematous macules with white necrotic centers appear in the
buccal mucosa
Prodromal Symptoms Complications
- Fever - Encephalitis
- Malaise - Thrombocytopenic purpura
- Coryza
- Conjunctivitis Secondary Infection
- Photophobia - Otitis media
- Cough - Pneumonia
KOPLIK SPOT
 HISTOPATHOLOGY

• There is a necrosis of an infected epithelial

cells, overlie an inflamed connective tissue
• Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells in lymphoid
tissues (large, multinucleated macrophages)
 DIAGNOSIS

•Clinical signs and symptoms

•Virus culture or serologic tests
 TREATMENT

• Bed rest
• Fluid
• Adequate diet
• Analgesics
• MMR Vaccine (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
MEASLES & GERMAN MEASLES
DIFFERENCE
MEASLES GERMAN MEASLES
• “Rubeola” • “Rubella”
• Caused by measles virus of • Caused by unrelated virus of
Paramyxovirus family Togavirus family
• Severe • Milder and short lived
• Koplik’s spot • No Koplik’s spot
• Causes serious complications • Causes congenital defects