IV.

DEFLECTIONS
σ P/A P L L
HUB. DEFORMASI AKSIAL dan GAYA E= = = ΔL = P
ξ ΔL/L ΔL A E A

P P L
A1 E1 L1 A2 E2 L2 ΔL =  P
E A
L L

A Ø =100 mm B Ø =65 mm C 1000 kN ΔL = ΔLAB + ΔLBC

L1 P1 L2 P2
= +
L = 1,0 m L = 0,8 m E 1 A1 E2 A2

= 0,606 + 1,148 = 1,754 mm

A Ø =100 mm B Ø =65 mm C 500 kN ΔL = ΔLAB + ΔLBC
500 kN
= 0,606 + 0,574 = 1,180 mm
L = 1,0 m L = 0,8 m

A Ø =100 mm B Ø =65 mm C 1500 kN ΔL = ΔLAB + ΔLBC

500 kN
= 0,606 + 0,574 = 1,180 mm
L = 1,0 m L = 0,8 m
 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 RC
P
A B C RA + R C = P
L1 L2
RA = ? RC = ?
RA
P
RC

L’ = L + ΔL = L ΔL = 0
ΔL1
A 1 E1 L 1 ΔL1 + ΔL2 = ΔL = 0 ΔL1 + ΔL2 = 0 ΔL2 = -ΔL1

A2 E2 L2 P 1 L1 P2 L2 RA L1 RC L2
= =
ΔL2 A 1 E1 A2 E2 A 1 E1 A 2 E2

A2 E2 RA L1 A2 E2 L1
RC = = RA
L2 A1 E1 A1 E1 L2

A2 E2 L1 A2 E2 L1
RA ++ RC = P RA = P RA ( 1+ ) = P
A1 E1 L2 A1 E1 L2
A1 E1 L2 A2 E2 L1
RA = P RC = P
A1 E1 L2 + A2 E2 L1 A1 E1 L2 + A2 E2 L1
 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 RC A1 = A2 = 1 cm2 E1 = E2 = 200 kN/mm2
60kN
A B C A1 E1 L2 L2
100cm 50cm RA = P = P = 20 kN
A1 E1 L2 + A2 E2 L1 L
20 60 A2 E2 L1 L1
40 RC = P = P = 40 kN
A1 E1 L2 + A2 E2 L1 L

P1 L1 RA L1
ΔL1 = = = 1 mm
A 1 E1 A 1 E1
P2 L2 RC L2
ΔL2 = = = -1 mm
A 2 E2 A 2 E2
 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 RC A1 = 1 cm2 E1 = 200 kN/mm2
160kN
A2 = 2 cm2 E2 = 200 kN/mm2
A B C
100cm 50cm
A1 E1 L2
RA = P = 32 kN
A1 E1 L2 + A2 E2 L1
32 A2 E2 L1
160 RC = P = 128 kN
A1 E1 L2 + A2 E2 L1
128
P1 L1 RA L1
ΔL1 = = = 1,6 mm
A 1 E1 A 1 E1
P2 L2 RC L2
ΔL2 = = = -1,6 mm
A 2 E2 A 2 E2
 P1 L1 P2 L2 A1 = A2 = 1 cm2 E1 = E2 = 200 kN/mm2
ΔL1 + ΔL2 = 0 =
A1 E1 A 2 E2

RA 100cm RC 50cm
=
1cm2 200GPa 1cm2 200GPa

RA 2cm = RC 1cm
2 RA = RC
RA + R C = P R A + 2 RA = P 3 RA = 60 kN RA = 20 kN Rc = 40 kN

20kN 100cm 40kN 50cm

ΔL1 = = 1,0 mm ΔL2 = = 1,0 mm (-)
1cm 200GPa
2
1cm 200GPa
2
 P1 L1 P2 L2 A1 = 1 cm2 E1 = 200 kN/mm2
ΔL1 + ΔL2 = 0 =
A1 E1 A 2 E2 A2 = 2 cm2 E2 = 200 kN/mm2
RA 100cm RC 50cm
=
1cm2 200GPa 2cm2 200GPa

RA 100cm = RC 25cm
4 RA = RC
RA + R C = P R A + 4 RA = P 5 RA = 160 kN RA = 32 kN Rc = 128 kN

32kN 100cm 128kN 50cm

ΔL1 = = 1,6 mm ΔL2 = = 1,6 mm (-)
1cm 200GPa
2
2cm 200GPa
2
 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2
A 3 E3 RD A1 = A2 = A3 = 1 cm2 E1 = E2 = E3 = 200 kN/mm2
110kN 165kN
A B C D
100cm 40cm 80cm

RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD 120
110kN RA 1 = 110 = 60 kN
220
A B C D
100
50 RD1 = 110 = 50 kN
110 220
60

RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD 80
165kN RA 2 = 165 = 60 kN
220
A B C D
140
60 RD2 = 165 = 105 kN
165 220
105

RA = RA1 + RA2 = 60 - 60 = 0 kN
110
165
55 RD = RD1 + RD2 = 50 - 105 = 55 kN

P1 L1 RA L1 P2 L2 RD L3
ΔL1 = = = 0 mm ΔL2 = = 2,2 mm ΔL3 = = -2,2 mm
A 1 E1 A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3
 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD A1 = 2 cm2 A2 = 1 cm2 A3 = 1,5 cm2
110kN 165kN
E1 = E2 = E3 = 200 kN/mm2
A B C D
100cm 40cm 80cm ΔL = ΔLAB + ΔLBC + ΔLCD = 0
L ΔLAB = ΔLBC + ΔLCD
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD
110kN P1 L1 P2 L2 P3 L3
= +
A B C D A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A3 E3
38,4
110
71,6 A3 E3 L2 P2 + A2 E2 L3 P3 A1 E1
P1 =
A2 E2 A3 E3 L1
A3 E3 L2 RD1 + A2 E2 L3 RD1 A 1 E1
R A
1
=
A 2 E2 A 3 E3 L1

A3 E L2 + A2 E L3 A1 E A3 L2 + A2 L3 A1
RA1 = RD1 = RD 1
A2 E A3 E L1 A2 A3 L1
150x400 + 100x800 200
RA =
1 RD1 = 1,86667 RD1
100x150 1000

RA1 + RD1 = P 1,86667 RD1 + RD1 = 110

RD1 = 38,37209 kN RA1 = 71,62791 kN

 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD A1 = 2 cm2 A2 = 1 cm2 A3 = 1,5 cm2
110kN 165kN
E1 = E2 = E3 = 200 kN/mm2
A B C D
100cm 40cm 80cm
L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD RD1 = 38,37209 kN RA1 = 71,62791 kN
110kN
A B C D P3 L3 P1 L1 P2 L2
= +
38,4 A 3 E3 A 1 E1 A2 E2
110
71,6
A2 E2 L1 P1 + A1 E1 L2 P2 A 3 E3
L P3 =
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD A1 E1 A2 E2 L3
165kN
A2 E2 L1 RA2 + A1 E1 L2 RA2 A 3 E3
A B C D R D
2
=
A 1 E1 A 2 E2 L3

A2 L1 + A1 L2 A3
RD2 = RA2 = 1,6875 RA2
A1 A2 L3

RA2 + RD2 = P RA2 + 1,6875 RA2 = 165

RA2 = 61,39535 kN RD2 = 103,60465 kN

 L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD A1 = 2 cm2 A2 = 1 cm2 A3 = 1,5 cm2
110kN 165kN
E1 = E2 = E3 = 200 kN/mm2
A B C D
100cm 40cm 80cm
L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD
110kN RD1 = 38,37209 kN RA1 = 71,62791 kN
A B C D
38,4
110
71,6
L
RA A 1 E1 A 2 E2 A 3 E3 RD
165kN RA2 = 61,39535 kN RD2 = 103,60465 kN
A B C D

61,4 165
103,6
RA = 10,23256 kN
RD = 65,23256 kN

P1 = PAB = 10,2 kN (tekan) L1 = 0,256mm (-)

10,2 110 165
P2 = PBC = 99,8 kN (tarik) L2 = 1,996mm (+)
65,2
P3 = PCD = 65,2 kN (tekan) L3 = 1,740mm (-)
IV. DEFLECTIONS

PERPINDAHAN TITIK
Hitung perpindahan titik C (C), jika:
Batang AB: AAB = 150 mm2 LAB = 60 cm
A Batang BC: ABC = 100 mm2 LBC = 90 cm

LAB Batang BDE: ABD = ADE LBD = LDE

LBD LDE Modulus elastis bahan: 210 GPa
E
B
D 30 kN
LBC

Jika P di E tetap 30 kN, berapa P di C agar titik C tetap di tempatnya ?

C
Jika P di C tetap 12 kN, berapa P di E agar titik C tetap di tempatnya ?

12 kN
IV. DEFLECTIONS

PERPINDAHAN TITIK a) Perpindahan titik C:

MD = 0 - RB LBD + 30 LDE = 0
RB = 30 LDE / LDE = 30 kN
A

LAB RB PB = RB = 30 kN (desak)
LBD LDE
PB PBC = PC = 12 kN (tarik)
E PAB = PB - PC = 30 - 12 = 18 kN (desak)

RD 30 kN
LBC PAB LAB PBC LBC
δC = LAB + LBC = +
AAB EAB ABC EBC
C

12 kN
IV. DEFLECTIONS

PERPINDAHAN TITIK b) Jika P di E tetap 30 kN, berapa P di C

agar titik C tetap di tempatnya ?

MD = 0 - RB LBD + 30 LDE = 0

A
RB = 30 LDE / LDE = 30 kN
LAB
LBD LDE PB = RB = 30 kN (desak)
PB
E PBC = PC
PAB = PB - PC = 30 – PC
RD 30 kN
LBC

PAB LAB PBC LBC

C δC = LAB + LBC = + =0
AAB EAB ABC EBC

PC
IV. DEFLECTIONS

PERPINDAHAN TITIK c) Jika P di C tetap 12 kN, berapa P di E

agar titik C tetap di tempatnya ?

MD = 0 - RB LBD + PE LDE = 0

A
RB = PE LDE / LDE = PE
LAB
LBD LDE PB = RB = PE
PB
E PBC = PC = 12 kN
PAB = PB - PC = PE – 12
RD PE
LBC

PAB LAB PBC LBC

C δC = LAB + LBC = + =0
AAB EAB ABC EBC

12 kN
IV. DEFLECTIONS
Hitung perpindahan titik B arah ver-
PERPINDAHAN TITIK tikal (δBv) dan horizontal (δBh). A

0kN mm
2
0
B 13/tan 30° 26,0 900
30° =+ A=
13 kN P AB E = 70Gpa
30°
n
3/si C
1 30° A = 2600mm2
B
L = 2,4m
PBC = - 22,51667kN
PAB LAB 13 kN
ΔLAB = = 1,144mm
AAB EAB

PBC LBC
ΔLBC = = -0,297mm
ABC EBC
IV. DEFLECTIONS

PERPINDAHAN TITIK ΔLAB = 1,144mm ΔLBC =-0,297mm A

0kN mm
2
0
26,0 900
=+ A=
P AB E = 70Gpa

30° A = 2600mm2 C
B
L = 2,4m
PBC = - 22,51667kN
δBh 13 kN

B BBC C

BBA

δBv

B’
IV. DEFLECTIONS

PERPINDAHAN TITIK ΔLAB = 1,144mm ΔLBC =-0,297mm

δBh = 0,297mm (ke kanan)

1,144 + 0,297 sec 30°
δBv = - 0,297 tan 30° = 2,803mm (ke bawah)
sin 30°

δBh
3 0°
s ec
97
0,2B BBC 0,297 tan 30º
, 144
BBA 1
0,297 1,144 + 0,297 sec 30°
sin 30°

δBv

B’
IV. DEFLECTIONS
Hitung perpindahan titik B arah ver- A
PERPINDAHAN TITIK tikal (δBv) dan horizontal (δBh).
PBC cos 30°

B
cm

PBC sin 30°

0
PB 30
C
L=
30°
45° A = 390mm2
PBA sin 45°

B 45° E = 210GPa
P BA 30°
L=
18
0cm
27 kN 27 kN

PBA cos 45°

PBC cos 30° = PBA cos 45° PBC =
cos 30°
PBA cos 45°
PBA sin 45° + PBC sin 30° = 27 PBA sin 45° + sin 30° = 27
cos 30°

PBA = 24,915 kN (tarik) PBC = 20,343 kN (tekan)

IV. DEFLECTIONS
ΔLBA = 0,913mm ΔLBC = - 0,447mm A
PERPINDAHAN TITIK

PBA LBA kN
ΔLBA = = 0,913mm 5
ABA EBA ,91 cm
24 00
= 3
PBC LBC P BA L=
ΔLBC = = -0,447mm
ABC EBC
A = 390mm2
B 45° E = 210GPa
30°
L=
PB 18
C =2 0cm
27 kN 0,3
43
kN
C
IV. DEFLECTIONS
ΔLBA = 0,913mm ΔLBC = - 0,447mm A
PERPINDAHAN TITIK A

B 45°
30°

B
C

B’ C
IV. DEFLECTIONS
ΔLBA = 0,913mm ΔLBC = - 0,447mm A
PERPINDAHAN TITIK

B
45° 30°
105°

B 45°
30°

75° C
B’
IV. DEFLECTIONS
ΔLBA = 0,913mm ΔLBC = - 0,447mm
PERPINDAHAN TITIK

ΔLBA ΔLBC
B BB’ = =
0,4 cos β cos (105°-β)
105° 47
cos β ΔLBA
β 105°- = = 2,043

3
91
β cos (105°-β) ΔLBC
0,
45° cos β
= 2,043
cos β (cos 105° + sin 105° tan β)

δBv
1
= 2,043
cos 105° + sin 105° tan β
1
75° = 2,043
- 0,259 + 0,966 tan β
B’
δBh tan β = 0,775 β = 37,776°

ΔL
ΔLBABA
0,913
BB’ = = 1,155mm δBv = 1,155 cos (45-β) = 1,146mm
coscos
cos
37,776°
ββ
δBh = 1,155 sin (45-β) = 0,145mm