Resonance

Resonance
• Is a condition in an RLC circuit in which the capacitive & inductive
reactance's are equal in magnitude but opposite in signs, resulting in
a purely resistive impedance

• 2 types of Resonant Circuit

• Series Resonance
• Parallel Resonance
Series Resonance
• A Series resonant circuit consist of a
variable frequency ac source in series w/ a
resistor, capacitor & an inductor.
Formulas
•1.  Resonant Frequency – the value of that satisfies resonance
condition.
Ave Power dissipated by the RLC Circuit

The highest power dissipated occurs at resonance, when I = Vm/R,

 At certain frequencies ω = ω1, ω2, the dissipated power is
half the maximum value;

Where: ω1, ω2 are called half-power frequencies

The highest power dissipated occurs at resonance, when I = Vm/R

bandwidth BW, which is defined as the difference between the two half-power frequencies, B = ω − ω
2 1
Note that at resonance:
1. The impedance is purely resistive, thus, Z = R. In other words, the LC
series combination acts like a short circuit, and the entire voltage is
across R.
2. The voltage Vs and the current I are in phase, so that the power
factor is unity.
3. The magnitude of the transfer function H(ω) = Z(ω) is minimum.
4. The inductor voltage and capacitor voltage can be much more than
the source voltage.
example
•1.  A coil with resistance 3 Ω and inductance 100 mH is connected in
series with a capacitor of 50 pF, a resistor of 6 Ω and a signal
generator that gives 110 V rms at all frequencies. Calculate , and
BW at resonance of the resultant series RLC circuit.

Ans.
 2. A 60-Hz supply voltage with v= 12 V is applied to a series RLC
circuit. Let R= 10 ohms, X(L)= 160 ohms
Determine the value of C to produce a series resonance.
Find the maximum current of resonance.
Calculate the voltage across the inductor of resonance.