Unit 11

Safety And Security

Management
Presented by Group ‘K’

Pooja Rana
Om Bahadur saru
Phadindra Bhandari
Om Bahadur Khatri
Content

1. Job Safety Analysis

2. Three Es of Safety
3. Potential Hazard in Housekeeping Operations
4. Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting
5. Key Control
 Safety and security are concepts often used
interchangeably, and it should be understood that both are
means of safeguarding human and physical assets.

Safety: safety is the state of being ‘safe’, in the condition of

being protected in any environment that provide for
freedom from injury and damage to property.

Security: the term security refers to the prevention,

protection or resilience against potential harm like theft,
fire, terrorism caused by other.
The two departments, maintenance and housekeeping
most likely to have largest number of accidents and
injuries.
Reason:
Both departments employ more people than other
department.
Working in this department requires physical activities
and equipment use- both of which increase the risk of
accidents and injury.
Job Safety Analysis

A job safety analysis (JSA) is a procedure which helps

integrate accepted safety and health principles and
practices into a particular task or job operation.
The overall objective of a safety management programme is
to eliminate potential hazards before they cause any
serious accidents.
Six steps to completing
an effective Job
Safety Analysis
Step One: Select which job to analyze
Following points should be focused to determine which job
or task to evaluate first.
• Jobs with highest injury or illness rates
• Jobs with the highest potential for injury or illness
• Newly implemented jobs and processes, or ones that have
undergone changes in process and procedures
• Jobs complex enough to require written instructions.
Step Two: Job task breakdown
Step Three: Identifying hazards
 Proceed through the sequence of job tasks one at a time and
answer questions such as:
• Does the equipment in use present any potential hazards?
• Is there a potential for slips, trips or falls?
• Is there a risk of injury due to excessive strain from lifting,
pushing or pulling?
• Is there a risk of exposure to extreme heat or cold?
Step Four: Develop preventive measures
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health lists
the five controls, in order of effectiveness, with the following
description:
• Elimination – Physically remove the hazard
• Substitution – Replace the hazard
• Engineering controls – Isolate people from the hazard
• Administration controls – Change the way people work
• PPE – Protect the worker with personal protective equipment
Step Five: Document and communicate job hazard
analysis findings
Step Six: Get help (if needed)
Three Es of Safety

The safety of employees can be ensured by following the

three Es of safety.
1. Safety Education
2. Safety Engineering
3. Safety Rule Enforcement
1. Safety Education

Safety programmes and policies can only be effective if the

staff is trained to think and act safely at work. The best
time to start educating employees on safety is during their
induction into the establishment, so that they are well
versed in safety rules and policies of the establishment
before they start their job.
The following should be ensured during training:
• Teaching safe methods, with particular emphasis on
areas of potential danger and how these can be guarded
against.
• Demonstrating the use of safety equipment installed in
the establishment, and the location and use of first-aid
materials.
• Inculcating in people the ability to recognize the signs of
hazards around them.
• Teaching staff the legal implications of non-adherence to
safety procedure.
2. Safety Engineering

This involves the building in of safety-procedures into the

structure of the establishment in the equipment, furniture,
and fittings and in their proper arrangement within the
space. Equipment used by the housekeeping employees
should be selected to ensure safety in design.
3. Safety Rules Enforcement

Rules, when not implemented or enforced, are not effective.

It is not enough to know about safety themes and
procedure, but more important to put the knowledge
gained into practice. This does not come easily to all
employees and therefore, needs to be enforced by rule and
practice.
Potential Hazard in Housekeeping Operations

Accidents and injuries do not have to occur. By

following three simple rules, employees can
contribute to a safe, accident-free work
environment
• Take adequate time
• Correct unsafe conditions immediately
• Do it safely the first time
Safety Tips For Potentially Hazardous
Conditions In Housekeeping Operations
1. Lifting
Housekeeping tasks often involves lifting heavy objects.
Employee may also be required to move furniture in order
to complete a thorough cleaning tasks.
Incorrectly lifting such as bag, boxes and containers may
result in strained or pulled muscles and back injury. In
turn, these injuries can result in loss of work and long-
term pain and suffering.
Employees can also incur cuts and scratches when lifting
items such as trash or dirty linens which contains pointy
objects or broken glasses. In all instances, employees
should know what conditions to look for and the special
precautions to take.
2. Ladders
When selecting a ladder, inspect its condition, height and
footing
Do not use broken or defective ladder.
Do not use aluminum or metal ladder when working near
or on electrical equipment.
Use rubber footing on tile floors and in kitchen.
Floor must be dry and clean.
Never stand on top step.
Never stand a ladder against a window or uneven surface.
Should be well balanced.
Mark the area underneath the ladder with caution sign.
3. Machinery
Employees should be trained and authorized in the use of
machinery and equipment before operating such devices. Most
equipment, machineries and power tools come with
instructions.
Some employees may need additional training and supervised
practice before operating equipment and machinery on the job
by themselves.
Many power tools and other machineries are equipped with
protective guards and shields. These safety guards should
never be removed.
Employees may also be required to wear protective eye goggles
or gloves. All protective gear should be worn per instructions.
Equipment and machineries should never be left
unattended while in use.
When not in use, all tools and equipment should be
turned off and stored in a proper place. Never use a piece
of equipment or machinery that is not in not operating
properly.
4. Electrical equipment
Extra care must be taken when operating electrical
equipment.
Never operate electrical equipment with wet hands or cloths.
Do not operate near flammable liquids, chemicals or
vapours.
Turn then off when sparks, smokes or flames are seen.
Check the wire and connections periodically.
Never unplug them by pulling the cord.
Keep the cord out off traffic areas.
When cleaning guest rooms, room attendants should check
for frayed wires, loose connections, loose plugs, broken
switches, etc.
5. Chemicals

Many housekeeping employees are exposed to dangerous

chemicals in their daily work routines.
These chemicals are powerful cleaners and when used
properly with proper protective gear are relatively harmless.
However, when used improperly, these same helpful
chemicals can cause nausea, vomiting, skin rashes, cancer,
blindness and even death.
Chemicals are used to clean all areas of a lodging property
including bathrooms, kitchens and floors. Potentially
hazardous chemicals are also used to kill insects and
rodents.
Fire Prevention
And Fire Fighting
Fire

• Fires are grouped into four classifications based

on the different products of combustion. Many
hotel fires are fueled by a combination of
combustibles. It is very likely that a fire
started by Class A combustibles could grow to
include Class B and C materials.
• Fires start for many reasons. Some fires may be
caused by an accident or mechanical malfunction.
Others may be the result of arson.
Classes Of Fire

• Class A type made up of ordinary combustibles

such as cellulose, rubber, or plastic.
Combustibles such as paper, wood, cloth, rubber
and other organic solids including petro-chemical
solids (plastics) make up this class.
• Class B type are fueled by liquids, gases, or
grease-type fuels. Oil, gasoline, alcohol, and
other liquids are more common types found in this
class of fuel.
• Class C type are basically fueled by
electricity. In this case, the electricity is
actually the heat source that propagates the fire
and often communicates to other fuels of the
class A or B type to sustain the burning process.
• Class D type a less common fire type, is fueled
by metals. A particular class of heavy metals,
which can be identified on the periodic table of
the elements and found mostly in the alkali metal
group, will burn. Most metals in the group are
magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and
potassium, thorium, plutonium, hafnium, lithium,
zinc, uranium, and calcium.
Fire Prevention

Fire prevention is a function of many fire departments.

The goal of fire prevention is to educate the public to take
precautions to prevent potentially harmful fires, and be
educated about surviving them. It is a proactive method of
preventing emergencies and reducing the damage caused
by them. 
Guidelines For Fire Preventive Measures

• Install smoke detector, fire alarms and fire extinguisher

properly.
• Pay attention to cooking and heating equipment.
• Know how to choose and use fire extinguisher.
• Plan your escape route.
• Learn about fire danger.
• Security provisions to help prevent willful fire raising and
arson.
Fire Fighting
Firefighting is the action or process of
extinguishing fires,
as a person's job.
Types Of Fire Extinguishers

• Fire extinguishers can be of various types:

1.Dry Powder
2.Dry Chemical foam
3.Halon/vapourizing Liquid
4.Water-gas or soda-acid
extinguishers
5. Carbon dioxide
Dealing In Case Of Fire Emergency

1.Immediately switch on the nearest fire alarms.

2.If possible, try to put out the fire with suitable
equipment, remembering to direct the extinguishers at
the base of the flames. Do not attempt to fight a fire if
there is any danger of personal risk.
3.Close all the windows and switch off all electrical
appliances, including fans and lights.
4.Close the door to the affected area and report to your
immediate supervisor for instructions.
5. Carry out instructions for instance, rouse guests in the
section and direct them to the nearest fire-escape route.
Each guestroom should have the route to the nearest
fire escape drawn out and displayed in a place where it
is most likely to be seen by the guests.
6. Report to the departmental fire representative for a roll
call. The housekeeper on duty should check the list (in
the form of the duty rosters) of the staff who are on duty
so that all those on duty can be accounted for.
7. Remain at the assembly point until instructed to do
otherwise.
8. Do not use lifts.
Key Control

Proper key control procedures are important for

guest security and privacy. Key control also
protects the property by reducing the possibility
of guest and property theft. Housekeeping is
primarily concerned with four categories of keys
• Emergency key
• Master key
• Storeroom key
• Guestroom key
• Emergency key: This key opens all the doors, even those
that the guests have double locked. In addition, it also
double- locks the room against all other keys. Hence, the
emergency key should be well-protected.
• Master key: These keys open all guestroom doors that are
not double-locked. Master key also open more than one
guestroom. Master keys are separated into three levels of
access. 
• Storeroom key: These keys are used within the servicing
sector of the hotel by the supervisory-level staff to ensure
that stocks and equipment are safely stored away when
not in use. Store keys, office keys, and linen room keys
are examples of such keys.
• Guestroom key: These are keys issued to guests upon
their registration. The guestroom key opens a single
guestroom so long as it is not double-locked. A code
number representing the room number is typically
stamped on the key. Guests are asked to hand in their
keys when they go out and the keys are then put on a key
board, which should be kept out of view of passer’s-by as
a security precaution.