Airway Management

 Respiration: breathing
 Ventilation: breathing in of air or oxygen or providing
breaths artificially.
 Respiratory distress: increased work of breathing;
sensation of shortness of breath
 Respiratory failure: reduction of breathing to the point
where oxygen intake is not sufficient to support life.
 Respiratory arrest: stopping breathing completely.
 Artificial Ventilation: forcing air or oxygen into the lungs
when the patient has stopped breathing or has
inadequate breathing.
 Review of Anatomy & Physiology
 Nose
 Mouth
 Pharynx
 Larynx
 Trachea
 Bronchi
 Bronchioles
 Alveoli
 Lungs
 Diaphragm
 Signs of Adequate Breathing
 Adequate and equal lung expansion (look)
 Air entering and leaving chest (listen)
 Air moving out nose or mouth (feel)
 Typical skin color
 Rate, rhythm, quality and depth of
breathing
 Signs of inadequate breathing
 Absent or minimal chest movements
 Abdominal breathing
 No air can be felt or heard at nose or mouth.
 Absent or diminished breathing sounds
 Noises heard during breathing
 Too rapid or too slow breathing rate
 Very shallow or very deep breathing
 Cyanosis
 Inability to speak
 Intercostals retraction
 Nasal flaring
 Care of inadequate breathing
 Opening & maintaining the airway
 Head tilt, chin left maneuver
 Jaw thrust maneuver
 Providing artificial ventilation to patient
 Mouth to mask
 Two rescuer bag valve mask
 Flow restricted, oxygen powered ventilation device
 One rescuer bag valve mask
 Providing supplemental oxygen
 Suctioning as needed
 Airway Adjuncts
 Oropharyngeal airway
 Nasophayngeal airway
 Rules of using airway adjuncts
 Used in unconscious patient who do not exhibit
a gag reflex
 Open airway manually before using them
 Take care of pushing tongue into pharynx
 Stop insertion if patient begins to gag
 Maintain the use of airway opening maneuver
 Be ready to suction secretions as necessary
 Remove if patient regain consciousness ar
started to gag
 Use infection control practices
 Suctioning
 The use of a vaccum device to remove
blood, vomitus and other secretions or
foreign materials from the airway.
 Oxygen Therapy
 It is one of the most important and
beneficial treatments an EMT can provide.
 Hypoxia: is an insufficiency in supply of
oxygen to the body tissues.
 Conditions requiring oxygen
 Respiratory or cardiac arrest
 Heart attacks and strokes
 Shock
 Blood loss
 Lung diseases
 Broken bones and head injuries and more
 Hazards of oxygen therapy
 Oxygen used in emergency care is stored
under pressure
 Oxygen supports combustion, causing fire
to burn more rapidly.
 Oxygen toxicity or air sac collapse
 Infant eye damage
 Respiratory depression or respiratory
arrest
 Oxygen Delivery Devices
 Nonrebreather mask
 Nasal cannula
 Venturi mask
 Simple face mask