ORAL

PRESENTATIO
N
MASS TRANSFER –
EXPERIMENT NO. 1
Diffusion of Liquids
through Stagnant, Non-
 Objective of the
Experiment
o To determine the mass diffusivities of
volatile organic liquids in air at different
temperatures using the capillary tube
o method.
To compare the results with those
obtained from empirical equations
Lennard-Jones and Gilliland Equations
Equipment and
(1) Water Bath

Materials
(2) 5 Capillary Tubes
(3) Small Electric Fan
(4) Barometer
(5) Receptacles for Capillary Tubes
(6) 5 Volatile Organic Liquids
(7) Digital Vernier Caliper
(8) Timer
(9) Thermometer
Graphical Presentation of
Procedure

50°C
Safety
Hazards
o Student may wear face mask to avoid
inhalation of volatile organic
compounds
o Laboratory Gown should be worn
inside the laboratory premises
results & Discussion
results & Discussion
The experimental diffusivity obtained the highest value among the other
diffusivity formula. However, it can be seen that the experimental diffusivity
value is closer to the value of Fuller et al and available data from Chemical
Engineering Handbook. The deviation of experimental diffusivity from
Gilliland equation is higher compared to Fuller et al and from Chemical
Engineering Handbook. The discrepancy of the value obtained between Fuller
et al and Chemical Engineering Handbook is least compared to the other value
obtained from different formula. Fuller et al is the common diffusivity formula
used in approximating the theoretical diffusivity due to its accuracy compared
to the other approach and the availability of its element. The elements of Fuller
et al such as molar volume can be obtained from Chemical Engineering
Handbook.
Conclusion and
Recommendation
It can be concluded that the value from Fuller et al and Chemical
Engineering Handbook is much more accurate because it deviate less
to experimental diffusivity compared to Gilliland Equation.
Diffusivity is affected directly with temperature and inversely with
pressure.
The students would highly recommend that the experiment should
be conducted with high accuracy to be able to compare it with other
empirical formula. Human error and apparatus error could contribute
a high deviation from the true value. Furthermore, heat from hot
Philippine Textile Research Institute
Department of Science and Technology

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