Nasal Polyps

Benadir University
FACULTY OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY
COURSE: EAR, NOSE & THROAT

LECTURER: Prof/Dr. Abdullahi Hussein Abdi

LECTURER Ass: Dr Hussein Omar Zuke
Introduction
• Aetiology of nasal polypi is very complex and not well understood.
• They may arise in inflammatory conditions of nasal mucosa
(rhinosinusitis), disorders of ciliary motility or abnormal composition
of nasal mucus (cystic fibrosis).
Nasal Polyps

• Nasal polyps are soft, painless, noncancerous

growths on the lining of your nasal passages or
sinuses.
• Nasal polyp is Prolapsed pedunculated part of the edematous of the
nose or paranasal sinus.

Types:-
• Anterocoanal.
• Bilateral Ethmoidal.
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 Anterocoanal.

• It arises from the maxillary antrum and

grows backswords in the nose towards choana
and reaches nasopharynx.
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It can be three parts :

a) Antral: Which is a thin.
b) Choanal: Which is round and Globular.
c) Nasal: Which is flat from side to side.
Etiology
• Exact cause unknown.
• Nasal allergy with sinus infection.
Symptoms
• Unilateral nasal obstruction.
• Bilateral when polyp growth into the Nasopharynx.
Ethmoidal.

They are multiple, bilateral and arise from the numerous ethmoidal
sinuses, they tend to protrude forewords
Etiology and Predisponding factors :-
Is very complex and not well understood
• Chronic rhino sinusitis.
• Vasomotor.
• Asthma.
• Cystic fibrosis.
Pathogenesis
• Nasal Mucosa, particularly in the region of middle meatus and
turbinate become edematous due to collection of extracellular fluid
polyploidy change.
• Polyp which are sessile in the beginning become pedunculated due to
gravity and excessive sneezing.
Clinical Features
• Blocking of nose.
• Sneezing and watery nasal discharge.
• Expansion of nose.
• Anosmia.
• Snoring and mouth breathing.
• Headache.
• Mass protruding from the Nostril.
Examination
• On anterior rhinoscopy, polypi appear as smooth, glistening, grape-
like masses often pale in colour.
Diagnosis of Polpy
• Clinical examination .
• CT-Scan for Paranasal sinus .
• Histological examination(over 40-Years)
 Differences between Antrocoanal and Ethemoidal polpy

Antrocoanial Ethemoidal
Age: Common in children In adult
Etiology: Infection Allergy
Number: Solitary Multiple
Laterality: Unilateral Bilateral
Origin: Maxillary sinus Ethmoidal sinus
Growth: Back words Foreword
Recurrence: Uncommon Common
Treatment
Conservative:-
• Antihistaminic
• Corticosteroid
• Antibiotic may be given to control infection.
Surgical:-
• Polypectomy.
- Intranasal Ethemoidectomy.
- Extranasal Ethemoidectomy.
Polypectomy
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