RTICLE 10

Levels of Local EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE

Government BRANCH BRANCH

Autonomous Regional Governor Regional Legislative

Regions Assembly

Province Governor Sangguniang

Panlalawigan

Cities Mayor Sangguniang

Panglungsod

ARTICLE 10
Municipalities Mayor Sangguniang Bayan
ONOMOUS REGION
Have more powers than other LGUs

Other regions are not considered LGUs

since they do not have political power.

Currently, only one autonomous region

exists: the Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao (ARMM).

A 1998 plebiscite for the creation of a "Cordillera Autonomous Region"

was only approved by the voters of Apayao; as a result of an earlier
rejection in a 1990 plebiscite where only Ifugao province and Baguio
City were in favor, the Supreme Court (Ordillo vs. Comelec; G.R. No.
93054) ruled that a region must be composed of more than one
province.
GISLATURE (ARMM)
The Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao

• has a unicameral Regional Legislative Assembly headed by a

Speaker.
• composed of three members for every congressional
district.
The current membership is 24, where

6 are from Lanao del Sur including Marawi City,

6 from Maguindanao,

6 from Sulu,

3 from Basilan and 3 from Tawi-Tawi
ROVINCE
the primary political and administrative divisions of the
Philippines.
There are 81 provinces at present
subdivided into component
cities and municipalities
Each province is governed by an elected legislature called
the Sangguniang Panlalawigan and by an elected governor
grouped into 18 regions based on geographical, cultural, and
ethnological characteristics.
Fifteen of these regions are designated with numbers
corresponding to their geographic location
XECUTIVE
Provincial governor is chief executive and head of each
province

Elected to a term of three years and limited to three

consecutive terms, he or she appoints the directors of
each provincial department which include the office of
administration, engineering office, information office,
legal office, and treasury office.

ARTICLE 1
GISLATIVE
"enact ordinances, approve resolutions and appropriate funds for the
general welfare of the province and its inhabitants... in the proper exercise of
the corporate powers of the province." 
• "Approve ordinances and pass resolutions necessary for an efficient and
effective provincial government,"
• "Generate and maximize the use of resources and revenues for the
development plans, program objectives and priorities of the province...
with particular attention to agro-industrial development and country-wide
growth and progress and relative thereto,"
• "Grant franchises, approve the issuance of permits or licenses, or enact
ordinances levying taxes, fees and charges upon such conditions and for
such purposes,"
• "Approve ordinances which shall ensure the efficient and effective
delivery of basic services and facilities"
• "Exercise such other powers and perform such other duties and

ARTICLE 1
functions as may be prescribed by law or ordinance"
CITIES
one of the local governments in
the Philippines.

Local Government Code of 1991, which

specifies their administrative structure and
powers. As of December 31, 2013, there are
144 cities.

Cities are entitled to at least one representative in

the Philippine House of Representatives if its population
reaches 250,000.

ARTICLE 1
ASSIFICATION
LEGAL
The Local Government Code of 1991 (Republic
Act No. 7160) classifies all cities into one of three
categories:

• Highly Urbanized Independent Cities 

• Component Cities 

• Independent Component Cities 

ARTICLE 1
NCOME
Cities are classified according to average annual income based on the
previous four calendar years. Effective July 28, 2008 the thresholds for
the income classes for cities are:

Average annual income

(₱ million)
First 400 or more
Second 320 or more but less than 400
Third 240 or more but less than 320
Fourth 160 or more but less than 240
Fifth 80 or more but less than 160
Sixth
ARTICLE 1
Below 80
Elected officials
All elected officials have 3-year terms,
and can only serve a maximum of
three consecutive terms before being
ineligible for reelection.
 LGU Official/Legislature Minimum age (18 is th

Regional governor 35 years old on election day[

mous region Regional vice governor Same as regional governor
Regional legislative assembly member 21 years old on election day[
Governor 23 years old on election day[
ces Vice governor Same as governor
Sangguniang Panlalawigan member Same as governor
Mayor Same as governor
Vice mayor Same as governor
urbanized cities
Sangguniang Panlungsod member (Councilor) Same as governor

Mayor 21 years old on election day

Same as independent compo
Vice mayor
ndent component and component cities city mayor[6]
Same as independent compo
Sangguniang Panlungsod member (Councilor)
city mayor
Same as independent compo
Mayor
city mayor
Same as independent compo
palities Vice mayor
city mayor
Same as independent compo
Sangguniang Bayan member (Councilor)
city mayor
Barangay captain 18 years old on election day
Barangay kagawad Same as barangay captain
 LEGISLative
PRESIDING OFFICER
The city vice mayor serves as the presiding
officer of the Sangguniang Panlungsod.

MEMBERS
The members of the Sangguniang Panlungsod,
often referred to as councillors are either elected or
ex-officio.

composed of ten elected councilors

UNICIPALITIES
Municipalities have some autonomy from the National
Government of the Republic of the Philippines under the
Local Government Code of 1991.

The National Government assists and supervises the

local government to make sure that they do not violate
national law.
 Legislative

PRESIDING OFFICER
The municipal vice mayor serves as the presiding officer of
the Sagguniang Bayan, who has no voting privilege except in
cases to break a deadlock.
MEMBERS
All municipalities in the Philippines, with the exception
of Pateros in Metro Manila, have eight regular members or
councillors elected at-large.
In the case of Pateros, its Sangguniang Bayan is
composed of twelve elected councilors, wherein six are
elected from each of the two districts Pateros is divided
into

There are also three ex officio councilors

ARANGAY
The modern barangay is headed by elected officials, the
topmost being the Punong Barangay or the Barangay
Chairperson
The Kapitan is aided by theSangguniang
Barangay (Barangay Council) whose members, called
Barangay Kagawad ("Councilors"), are also elected.
The council is considered to be a Local Government
Unit (LGU), similar to the Provincial and the Municipal
Government. The officials that make up the council are
the Punong Barangay, seven Barangay Councillors, and
the chairman of Youth Council or Sangguniang
Kabataan (SK). Thus, there are eight (8) members of
the Legislative Council in a barangay.
LEGISLATIVE
The Sangguniang Barangay known commonly as
the Barangay Council, and formerly as the Rural
Council and then the Barrio Council, is the legislative
body of a barangay, the lowest elected government in
the Philippines.

Tagalog words "sanggunian" and"baranggay" which
means "barangay advisory council".